PHA 4107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Neutrophilia, Mineralocorticoid, Sex Steroid
12 Jul 2018
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Document Summary
Corticosteroids as anti-inflammatory agents: the adrenal gland secrets numerous steroids of which aldosterone and hydrocortisone are the major ones, the steroids secreted are called adrenocorticoids. Mineralocorticoid activity while hydrocortisone is a glucocorticoid: mineralocorticoid activity is related to retaining salt, nacl. Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte balance by retaining na+ and promoting k+ excretion. Glucocorticoids have many roles in physiology: stimulate gluconeogenesis (cid:523) hyperglycemia(cid:524, protein catabolism muscles, stimulate lipolysis . can alter fat distribution inflammatory response two mechanisms of action! Glucocorticoids can increase or decrease specific gene transcription to modify the. In mast cells and macrophages glucocorticoids increase the transcription. Cortisol esters for crystals and last longer in the injected joint. 2- empirical dosage start with low dose. 3- local steroid when possible if not alternate day systemic. Side effects: hyperglycemia, osteoporosis (decreased calcium absorption, cataracts and glaucoma (associated with increased ocular blood pressure especially cortisone or hydrocortisone) but etiology is uncertain.
