PHA 3112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Tumor Suppressor Gene, Prostate Cancer, Chemotherapy
3 Apr 2019
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Document Summary
Cancer: most common include breast, lung and colorectal in females, prostate, lung and colorectal in males. Most commonly treated via surgery (solid ca), drugs (disseminated/adjuvant), radiation therapy. Some types are curable (hodgkin"s, testicular, lymphocytic leukemia) but others are incurable require palliation and prolonged life. 4 major drug classes employed to treat: cytotoxic agents, biologic response modifiers, targeted drugs, hormones/antagonists. Neoplastic cells: cancer is a group of diseases with many different subtypes. They differ in phenotyle/aggressiveness and response to medications: persistent proliferation: unlike normal cells, unrestrained growth/division until patient death. Not necessarily more rapid, unresponsive to feedback regulation. Immortality live forever: enzyme telomerase active in ca cells; acts to preserve telomeres (chromosome cap) without which cells stop dividing. Invasive growth: normally, various cell types remain segregated. Malignant cells penetrate adjacent tissues, ca spreads: formation of metastases: secondary tumors that appear at distant sites.
