PHA 3112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Cabergoline, Clomifene
5 Jun 2017
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Drugs to know: cabergoline, leuprolide, clomiphene, menotropins, human chorionic gondatropin. Seen in 10% of couples trying to have kids. Anovulation (no ovulation) / failure of follicular maturation: not enough hormone stimulation, -ie. pituitary adenoma/dysregulation. Unfavourable cervical mucous: scant/thick/sticky: sperm unable to pass through cervical canal. Pituitary adenoma/dysregulation: hyperprolactinemia (increased prolaction) can cause pituitary ademona; infertility can result, rx: da agonist (ie. cabergoline) Resets ovulation (moa: derivatives of ergot, activates da receptors and inhibits prolactin secretion) Endometriosis: endometrial tissue grows outside of uterus, if fertilized egg implanted ectopic pregnancy rate of spontaneous abortion is 50, can treat with surgery and or drugs. Polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos: androgen excess + insulin resistance (+/- cysts; 50% of obese have, symptoms: irregular periods, anovulation, infertility, acne, hirsutism(excessive hairiness, affects 5-10% of women of reproductive age, rx: Weight loss type 2 diabetes drugs clomiphene (induces ovulation) Most common cause: density/motility of sperm, volume/quality of semen. Erectile dysfunction: inability to achieve erection most conspicuous(visible) cause.
