CRM 2303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Justin Trudeau, Ben Goldacre, False Dilemma
1 May 2016
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Document Summary
Over-generalization we assume that a few events are evidence of a general pattern, which leads us to misrepresent or simplify a problem. Selective observation we pay attention to certain events or situations while ignoring others due to stereotypes, biases, prejudices, past experience. Premature closure we look for evidence to confirm or reject an idea and stop after finding a small amount of confirmatory evidence. Halo effect form an opinion based on prestige of the source and fail to judge its scientific merit. Unless we decide not to, we usually observe inaccurately. We usually generalize from only a few cases. We assume a few similar events are evidence of a pattern. How we select observations we observe selectively to see what we"re looking for. How we come to conclusions we make things up to fill in. We form our views prematurely with little or no revision. Some things we just can"t know; they are spiritual or mystical.
