CMN 2132 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Theoretical Ecology, Appeasement
19 Jun 2018
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Ekman's faces:
-The seven emotions universally expressed: fear, anger (cheeks, mouth, brows and forehead),
surprise, disgust, contempt, sadness, and happiness. (Ekman and Friesen)
-different contexts (like driving) create different emotional displays
-men display more negative emotions than women. Women smile more often.
-SADFISH: sadness, anger, disgust, fear, interest, surprise, happiness
display rules: we might deinstensify, or overintensify, or mask. The rules are shared (so...its not
necessarily lying), and may not be spoken.
Four types, according to Ekman: Vocational, personal, cultural, the need of the moment
-facial blends
-facial emblems (OMG!)
Display styles:
-> A person's own display style: witholder, revealer, unwitting expressor, blanked expressor,
substitute expressor (the face shows an unintended expression--leakage), frozen-affect
-> People will qualify, modify, or falsify something said, with a facial expression
-we look for consistency in the emotions that are presented in the face. Makes it feel genuine.
Ekman's 17) pg 161
-to Ekman, the face is a clear "readout" of emotions. Certain emotions always lead to a certain
facial expression. The research shows that this might be only mainly true when we are with
friends.
micromomentary facial expressions:
-> micromomentary facial expressions (Haggard and Isaacs, 1966). When does a person's face
briefly change? Reveal true emotions but are repressed. Good lie detectors study these, for a
long time, and are hyper sensitive to tiny gestures.
-> the cry face, the glare, the grimace, the play face, the pout
-> conversational signals
Types of facial codes:
iconic codes: signals that look like their referents
arbitrary codes: they mean what we want them to mean
