ANT 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Lake Texcoco, Muskox, Nomadic Pastoralism
1 Nov 2016
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Some foraging/ hunter gather groups are egalitarian, with no social ranking. Can have cultural ranking (gender/age division of labor etc. ) Some groups are socially complex: north west coast canada. Foraging can enable surplus storage, and bringing food back to (cid:494)base camp(cid:495) Can involve seasonal relocation of entire group. Hunter-gathering usually does not imply storage of large surplus. Inuit: hunter: whales, caribou, polar bears, musk oxen, rabbit, arctic fox, hare. Modes of production: societies: foraging, horticulture, pastoralism, agriculture, industrialization. Primary subsistence method is the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild, foraging and hunting without significant recourse to the domestication of either. Today only 250,000 people support themselves using hunting and gathering. Forces of production= nature (cid:498)man the hunter(cid:499) vs. (cid:498)woman the gatherer(cid:499) in foraging groups. Many anthropologists emphasize the role of males as the dominant provider. However, most everyday food is gathered by women (cid:498)man the hunter(cid:499) is an example of male bias in interpretation.
