HLSC 3464U Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Ionizing Radiation, Pancreatic Cancer, Etiology
Document Summary
Mutagen = agent that causes dna mutations. Environmental factors: occupational (uv and ionizing radiation, non-occupational (xenobiotics, air pollution) Lifestyle factors: modifiable (tobacco, diet, alcohol, non-modifiable (social, economic, cultural) Genetic and epigenetic factors: genetic = determined by dna structure, epigenetic = not determined by dna structure, but by gene expression. Risk factors: occupations, reproductive alterations, alcohol e. g pancreatic cancer, diet e. g processed meat, lifestyle. Carcinogenic: tobacco smoking, tamoxifen, ethanol, processed meat, solar radiation, radon, plutonium, hpv, h. pylori. Probably carcinogenic: ddt, nitrogen mustard, wood biomass fuel, high temperature frying, red meat consumption, results in experimental studies in animals and limited studies in humans. Possibly carcinogenic: lead, coffee, gasoline, firefighting, dry cleaning, radiofrequency. Emfs: less than sufficient evidence in animals and not much evidence with humans. Most, but not all, carcinogens are also mutagens. Carcinogens are mostly organic chemicals, but there are also physical (uv radiation) and biological agents (viruses or bacteria) Exposure to carcinogens is not sufficient to develop cancer.
