JUST 1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Indictable Offence, Summary Offence, True Crime

21 views6 pages

peachcrow973

14 Jun 2018

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Crime

Consists'of'2'Major'Elements'

!"#$%&'(')*'( +,(-.")+/+'0$(/0&*%,0( +'(+,(&"#,+$0.0$( '"()*10(*#(

01+23+#4%.+"%,3%#$0,+.*/20( 0550&'( "#(')0( -%/2+&6(

9(-0#*2':(;*:(/0(+;-",0$( <)0#(')0(-.")+/+'+"#(+,(1+"2*'0$6

Classification. of.Crime.

3'Categories'

Summary'

>*:("#2:(/0('.+0$(/05".0(*(-."1(&"%.'(4%$?06

@)0(;*A( -0#*2':( +,(#".;*22:(*(5+#0("5(BCDDD(".(*(,0#'0#&0( "5(E(;"#'),(+#(-.+,"#F(".(

/"')6

GGGGG

Indictable'

>".0(,0.+"%,(+#(#*'%.0F(-%#+,)*/20(/:(;".0( ,010.0(,0#'0#&0,( H2+50(+;-.+,"#;0#'( ;*:(

/0(+;-",0$8

I#2+J0(,%;;*.:( &"#1+&'+"#F( +#$+&'*/20( "550#&0,( ;*:(/0( '.+0$( /:(;".0(')*#("#0(

&"%.'( -."&0$%.0F( $0-0#$+#?( "#(,0.+"%,#0,,( "5(')0( "550#&0( &"#&0.#0$6

→

>",'('+;0,( ;*:(020&'( '"(/0('.+0$(/:(*(-."1(&"%.'(4%$?0F(*(,%-0.+".(&"%.'(4%$?0(,+''+#?(

*2"#0F(".(/:(*( ,%-0.+".(&"%.'(4%$?0(,+''+#?(<3(*(4%.:6

92,"(.+?)'('"(*(-.02+;+#*.:( +#K%+.:(/05".0(*(-."1+#&+*2(&"%.'(4%$?0F(<)"(<+22($0&+$0(

<)0')0.( ')0.0(+,(L,%55+&+0#'( 01+$0#&0L6

Hybrid'

>",'("550#&0,( +#(!*#*$*M,( !.+;(!"$0(*.0(L):/.+$L(".(L$%*2L("550#&0,6(

@)0.0(*.0(10.:(50<( !.+;(!"$0("550#&0,( ')*'( ;*:("#2:(/0('.+0$(/:(,%;;*.:( &"#1+&'+"#(

-."&0$%.0,F( *2')"%?)(')0(!."<#(%,%*22:(&)"",0,( '"()*10(L):/.+$L(".(L$%*2L("550#&0,(

'.+0$( /:(,%;;*.:( &"#1+&'+"#6

Regulatory. Offences. &. True.Crimes.

Regulatory'Offences'

N0?+,2*'+"#( +,('"( -."'0&'( ')0( -%/2+&(".(/."*$(,0?;0#',( "5(')0( -%/2+&6

9--2+0,('"(/"')(O0$3P."1+#&+*2(20?+,2*'+"#6

Q#1"210,( ;".*2(&%2-*/+2+':6

R0?%2*'+"#( +,(#0&0,,*.:( 5".("%.(-."'0&'+"#( H5""$F($.%?,F(.0*2(0,'*'0F( 0'&68

!."<#(;%,'( "#2:(-."10(')*'(')0( *&'(<*,(&";;+''0$6

!*'0?".+S0$( *,(K%*,+T&.+;+#*2( 2*<6

•

True' Crime'

•

!"#,+$0.0$('"(/0(+#)0.0#'2:( <."#?6(

9(&"#1+&'+"#( "5(*('.%0(&.+;0( +#1"210,(*(4%$?0;0#'( ')*'(')0("550#$0.( ,0.+"%,2:(+#5.+#?0$(

/*,+&(1*2%0,6

@)0(&."<#(;%,'( -."10(/0:"#$(*(.0*,"#*/20( $"%/'(')*'( ')0(&.+;0( <*,(&";;+''0$6

Public. &.Private.Law

Private'Law'

!"#&0.#0$( <+')(')0(.0?%2*'+"#("5(')0( .02*'+"#,)+-(/3<(')0(+#$+1+$%*2(;0;/0.,( "5(

,"&+0':(

•

Public'Law'

Q,( &"#&0.#0$( <+')(+,,%0,(')*'(*550&'( ')0(+#'0.0,',( "5(')0( 0#'+.0(,"&+0':6

•

Sources.of.Law.

2'Primary'Sources' of'Law

Legislation'

•

Judicial' decisions' that' interpret' legislation' or'common' law.

!";;"#(N*<( UVOQWVUX( R050.,('"(')*'(/"$:("5(4%$?0(;*$0(2*<(01"210$( +#(*.0*,(

#"'(&"10.0$(/:(20?+,2*'+"#6

9(&"#,+$0.*/20( -".'+"#("5(V#?2+,)(!.+;+#*2( N*<(<*,($0102"-0$( /:(4%$?0,( $0*2+#?(

<+')( ,+'%*'+"#,( #"'(?"10.#0$( /:(20?+,2*'+"#6(

VA6(!"#'0;-'( "5(!"%.'

→

•

Criminal.Code.

Most'significant'federal'statute' dealing'with:

H+8( Y%/,'*#'+10( !.+;+#*2(2*<

$05+#0,( ')0(#*'%.0("5(')0("550#&0,

•

H++8( !.+;+#*2(P."&0$%.0

,-0&+5+0,( ')0(-."&0$%.0,('"(/0(5"22"<0$( +#(*(&.+;+#*2( &*,06

VA6(&2*,,+5+&*'+"#( "5("550#&0,

→

•

Canadian. Charter.of.Rights. and.Freedoms

7Z[=F(')0(0#*&';0#'( "5(')0( !)*.'0.(*,(-*.'("5(')0(!"#,'+'%'+"#( 9&'

V;-"<0.,( 4%$?0,( +#(&0.'*+#(&+.&%;,'*#&0,( '"($0&2*.0( *#:( -+0&0( "5(20?+,2*'+"#( '"(/0(

+#1*2+$(+5(+'(+#5.+#?0,("#(*#(+#$+1+$%*2,(.+?)',

Q'(+,(+;-".'*#'( '"(J#"<(')*'(')0(&"%.',($"(#"'()*10('"( ,'.+J0($"<#(010.:(-+0&0( "5(

20?+,2*'+"#( ')*'( +,(&"#,+$0.0$( '"(/0(*(1+"2*'+"#

→

R+?)',(*#$(O.00$";,( *.0(#"'(?%*.*#'00$( *,(*/,"2%'0

Y0&'+"#( 7("5(')0(!)*.'0.(,'*'0,((

“…rights' and'freedoms' set' out'in'it' subject' only'to'such'

reasonable' limits' prescribed' by'law'as'can'be'demonstrably' justified'in'a'free'

and'democratic' society”

→

•

Canadian. Charter.of.Rights. and.Freedoms-Section.1

V#&"%.*?0,( ')0(&"%.',( '"(0#?*?0( +#(*#( 02*/".*'0( /*2*#&+#?( *&'(<)0.0( ')0:( ;%,'($0&+$0(

<)0')0.( ')0(+#5.+#?0;0#'( &*#( /0(4%,'+5+0$( +#(')0(#*;0( "5(')0()+?)0.(?""$

\*J0,(@0,'

•

7Z[E(Y%-.0;0( !"%.'("5(!*#*$*

Y-0&+5+&( '0,'( 5".(')0(-%.-",0("5(+$0#'+5:+#?( 5*&'".,( ')*'(,)"%2$(/0(&"#,+$0.0$( <)0#(')0(

&"%.',( *.0( '.:+#?('"( $0&+$0( <)0')0.( *( 1+"2*'+"#( +,(4%,'+5+*/20( *,(*( ].0*,"#*/20( 2+;+'^( +#(*(

5.00(*#$($0;"&.*'+&( ,"&+0':6

Oakes.Test.–2.Criteria

The' so-called' "Oakes'test"' requires' that'two'criteria' be'met:

H+8(')0(2+;+'( ;%,'(/0("5(,%55+&+0#'( +;-".'*#&0( '"(4%,'+5:("10..+$+#?(')0( .+?)'(".(5.00$";(

_+#(')0(,0#,0( ')*'(')0("/40&'+10( "5(')0(20?+,2*'+"#( &"#&0.#0$( .02*'0,( '"(L&"#&0.#,( <)+&)(

*.0(-.0,,+#?(*#$(,%/,'*#'+*2( +#(*(5.00(*#$($0;"&.*'+&( ,"&+0':L`a( *#$((

H++8(')0(;0*#,( &)",0#( /:(')0(20?+,2*'%.0( *.0(L.0*,"#*/20( *#$($0;"#,'.*/2:( 4%,'+5+0$L( +#(

')0(,0#,0( ')*'(')0:(*.0(L-."-".'+"#*2L( '"(')0( "/40&'+10( "5( ')0(20?+,2*'+"#6((((

P."-".'+"#*2+':(@0,'

•

3'separate'components' of'"proportionality"'are'identified:

H+8(')0(;0*#,( &)",0#( /:(')0(20?+,2*'%.0( ;%,'( /0(L.*'+"#*22:( &"##0&'0$( '"(')0(

"/40&'+10La((

H++8(')0(;0*#,( ,)"%2$(+;-*+.(L*,(2+''20( *,(-",,+/20L(')0(.+?)'(".(5.00$";(+#(K%0,'+"#a(

*#$((

H+++8(')0.0( ;%,'(/0(L-."-".'+"#*2+':(/0'<00#( ')0(0550&',( "5(')0(;0*,%.0,L( *$"-'0$(/:(

')0(20?+,2*'%.0( *#$(')0("/40&'+10( "5(')0(20?+,2*'+"#6

Offences

b.0*J(*#$(V#'0.( HY0&6(cd[H78(!!878

LPN9!VLe

For'the'purpose'of'this'section' and'section' 351'"place"'means:

9($<022+#?()"%,0aH*8

9(/%+2$+#?(".(,'.%&'%.0( ".(*#:(-*.'(')0.0"5F( "')0.(')*#(*($<022+#?( )"%,0H/8

9(.*+2<*:(10)+&20F( 10,,02F( *+.&.*5'( ".('.*+20.a( ".H&8

9(-0#(".(0#&2",%.0( +#(<)+&)(5%.T/0*.+#?(*#+;*2,( *.0(J0-'(+#(&*-'+1+':( 5".(/.00$+#?(".(

&";;0.&+*2( -%.-",0,6

W\@VX( 9(-2*&0(#"'(+#&2%$0$(+#(')+,(2+,'(+,F(*#(*%'";"/+20F( ')0.05".0( +'(&*##"'( /0(

')0(,%/40&'( "5(*(/.0*J(*#$( 0#'0.6((

→

H$8

UfVNNQWg( h\IYV(HY0&'+"#( =(!!8

•

>0*#,( ')0(<)"20(".(*#:(-*.'("5(*(/%+2$+#?(".(,'.%&'%.0( ')*'(+,(J0-'(".("&&%-+0$( *,(*(

-0.;*#0#'( ".('0;-".*.:( .0,+$0#&0( *#$(+#&2%$0,X

9(/%+2$+#?(<+')+#(')0(&%.'+2*?0( "5(*($<022+#?( )"%,0(')*'(+,(&"##0&'0$( '"(+'(/:(*($"".<*:(

".(/:(*(&"10.0$( *#$(0#&2",0$( -*,,*?0<*:a( *#$

H*8

9(%#+'(')*'( +,($0,+?#0$( '"(/0(;"/+20(*#$('"(/0(%,0$(*,(*(-0.;*#0#'( ".('0;-".*.:(

.0,+$0#&0( *#$(')*'(+,(/0+#?(%,0$(*,(*(.0,+$0#&06

H/8

b.0*J(*#$(V#'0.( TDefinitions

b.0*J(YV!6(c=7

•

@"( /.0*J(*#:(-*.'F(+#'0.#*2( ".(0A'0.#*2a( ".H*8

@"( "-0#(*#:')+#?(')*'( +,(%,0$(".(+#'0#$0$( '"(/0(%,0$('"(&2",0( ".(&"10.( *#( +#'0.#*2( ".(

0A'0.#*2( "-0#+#?6

H/8

V#'.*#&0( YV!6( cCD(H*8

•

O".(')0(-%.-",0("5(Y0&'+"#(cd[(*#$(cdZ(*(-0.,"#(0#'0.,(*,(,""#(*,(*#:(-*.'("5()+,(/"$:(

".(*#:(-*.'("5(*#(+#,'.%;0#'( ')*'( )0(%,0,(+,(<+')+#(*#:')+#?(')*'(+,(/0+#?(0#'0.0$6

Penalties

Y0&'+"#( cd[H78(!!

U<022+#?( h"%,0

Q#$+&'*/20( "550#&0( TN+50((

•

\')0.(')*#(*(U<022+#?( h"%,0

U%*2(-."&0$%.0("550#&0( T7D(:0*.(-0#*2':( +5(/:(+#$+&';0#'

•

b.0*J(*#$(V#'0.( TAggravating. CircumstancesX

J#0<(')*'( ".(<*,(.0&J20,,( *,('"(<)0')0.( ')0($<022+#?T)"%,0( <*,("&&%-+0$a( *#$H*8

%,0$(1+"20#&0( ".(').0*',("5(1+"20#&0( '"(*(-0.,"#(".(-."-0.':6H/8

Presumption

O".(')0(-%.-",0,("5(-."&00$+#?,( %#$0.(')+,(,0&'+"#F( 01+$0#&0( ')*'(*#(*&&%,0$78

/."J0(*#$(0#'0.0$( *(-2*&0( ".(*''0;-'0$( '"(/.0*J(*#$(0#'0.(*(-2*&0( +,F(+#(')0(*/,0#&0( "5(

01+$0#&0( '"(')0( &"#'.*.:F( -.""5(')*'( )0( /."J0( *#$(0#'0.0$( ')0( -2*&0( ".(*''0;-'0$( '"( $"(

,"F(*,(')0(&*,0( ;*:(/0F(<+')(+#'0#'( '"(&";;+'( *#(+#$+&'*/20( "550#&0( ')0.0+#a( ".

H*8

/."J0("%'("5(*(-2*&0( +,F(+#(')0(*/,0#&0( "5(*#:(01+$0#&0( '"(')0(&"#'.*.:F( -.""5(')*'( )0(

/."J0("%'(*5'0.

H/8

&";;+''+#?( *#(+#$+&'*/20( "550#&0( ')0.0+#F( ".H+8

0#'0.+#?( <+')( +#'0#'( '"( &";;+'( *#( +#$+&'*/20( "550#&0( ')0.0+#6H++8

(( ((

@*J0( 9%'"(f+')"%'(\<#0.^,(!"#,0#'(Y0&6( ccCH78(!!=8

Everyone' who:

<+')"%'( &"#,0#'( "5(')0("<#0.a

'*J0,( *(;"'".( 10)+&20( ".(10,,02a

<+')( +#'0#'( '"($.+10F(%,0F(#*1+?*'0( ".("-0.*'0( +'(".(+,(*(J#"<+#?("&&%-*#'a

Y%;;*.:(!"#1+&'+"#( \550#&06

W"'0X( @)+,( +,(#"'( *#(+#&2%$0$( "550#&0( '"(')05'F( N*5.*#&0( 16(R6( _7ZiC`((

→

f)0#(<"%2$(<0(2*:(')+,(&)*.?0( .*')0.(')*'(')05'j

→

•

@.0,-*,,+#?( *'( W+?)'(Y0&6( 7iiH78(!!c8

Every' one'who,' without' lawful'excuse,' the' proof'of'which' lies'on'him,' loiters' or' prowls'

at'night'on'the'property'of'another'person'near'a'dwelling'house'situated'on'that'

property'is'guilty'of'an'offence'punishable'on'summary' conviction.

f)*'(*.0(')0(5*&',( +#(+,,%0j

→

!)*-'0.(\#0X(Q#'."$%&'+"#( '"(!*#*$+*#( !.+;+#*2(N*<

OffencesTb.0*J(*#$(V#'0.F(@*J+#?(9%'"(<+')"%'(\<#0.M,(!"#,0#'( *#$(@.0,-*,,( *'(W+?)'6

W1#Ch1.# Introduction#to# Criminal# Law

O.+$*:F(k*#%*.:(7=F(=D7[

[XDc(9>

Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-2 of the document.
Unlock all 6 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in