NURS1225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Blood Vessel
2/20/18
1
Wellness & Cardiovascular Health
February 20, 2018
Heart Disease
¤Heart disease affects 1.3 million Canadians
¤Most people think of heart disease as one condition.
Heart disease refers to a group of conditions that affect
the structure and functions of the heart and has many
root causes
¤Here are some common conditions:
Angina Heart Attack
Cardiac Arrest Heart Failure
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
Atherosclerosis
¤Inner lining of the artery becomes damaged
¤Cholesterol, fatty deposits, and other substances
deposit on damaged areas
¤This plaque formation gradually narrows the blood
vessels, making it harder for blood to flow
¤Plaque can break apart and cause a blood clot
to form on the broken surface or move through
the bloodstream, and prevent smooth blood flow
to nearby organs
¤The resulting blood clot can also travel to other
parts of your body and block blood flow to other
organs
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
2/20/18
2
Angina
¤Angina is the medical term for chest pain. People with
angina describe the pain as a squeezing, suffocating or
burning feeling
¤Angina occurs when there’s not enough blood flow to the
heart. Without enough blood, the heart doesn’t get enough
oxygen. This triggers the chest pain
¤Angina is almost always a sign that you have blocked
arteries and developing heart disease
¤The main difference between angina and a heart attack is
that a heart attack causes damage to the heart muscle,
and angina does not. Angina can develop into a heart
attack however
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
Heart Attack
¤A heart attack happens when a blocked artery limits
blood from reaching part of the heart
¤This happens because arteries that supply the heart with
blood (CAs) can slowly become thicker and harder from
a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances, called
plaque. This slow process is known as atherosclerosis
¤If the plaque breaks open and a blood clot forms that
blocks the blood flow, a heart attack occurs
¤More than 9/10 heart attacks are caused by
atherosclerosis
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
Heart Attack: Warning Signs
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
cause damage to heart muscle
does not damage heart muscle
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
2/20/18
3
Cardiac Arrest
¤There are approximately 40,000 cardiac arrests in Canada each
year
¤Up to 85% of cardiac arrests occur in public places, or at home and
less than 1 in 10 are estimated to survive a cardiac arrests that
happen outside of a hospital
¤Sudden cardiac arrest usually results from an electrical disturbance
in your heart that disrupts its pumping action, stopping blood flow
to the rest of your body. Cardiac arrest usually causes death if it's
not treated within minutes because blood flow has stopped
¤Cardiac arrest is different from a heart attack, which occurs when
blood flow to a portion of the heart is blocked. However, a heart
attack can sometimes trigger an electrical disturbance that leads
to sudden cardiac arrest
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
Cardiac Arrest: Warning Signs
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
Heart Failure
¤Heart failure (HF) is a condition that develops after the
heart becomes damaged or weakened
¤It is estimated that about 600,000 Canadians are living
with HF
¤HF is on the rise as more people survive heart attacks and
other acute heart conditions
¤HF occurs when the pumping action of your heart is not
strong enough to move blood around, especially during
increased activity or under stress
http://www.heartandstroke.ca
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Most people think of heart disease as one condition. Heart disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the structure and functions of the heart and has many root causes. Inner lining of the artery becomes damaged. Cholesterol, fatty deposits, and other substances deposit on damaged areas. This plaque formation gradually narrows the blood vessels, making it harder for blood to flow. Plaque can break apart and cause a blood clot to form on the broken surface or move through the bloodstream, and prevent smooth blood flow to nearby organs. The resulting blood clot can also travel to other parts of your body and block blood flow to other organs http://www. heartandstroke. ca. Angina is the medical term for chest pain. People with angina describe the pain as a squeezing, suffocating or burning feeling. Angina occurs when there"s not enough blood flow to the heart. Without enough blood, the heart doesn"t get enough oxygen.
