PSYC 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Observer-Expectancy Effect, Statistical Significance, Internal Validity
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PSYC 102 Full Course Notes
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Descriptive research: case study (e. g neuropsychology, survey research (e. g the gallup poll, naturalistic observation (e. g big data) Correlational research: correlational study (e. g is depression related to low self esteem?, e. g using correlations in twins to measure heritability of a trait. Experimental research: experiments, e. g double-blind, placebo-controlled study of treatment effectiveness. Measurement: assignment of numbers to objects or events according to rules, operational definition: specifying the procedures (operations) used to observe a variable, best measures are reliable and valid. Ability: talent hits a target that no one else can hit; genius hits a target that no one else can see. arthur schopenhauer. Luck: rise early, work hard, strike oil j. paul getty. Persistence: it"s not that i"m so smart, it"s just that i stay with problems longer. albert. Strengths: can study many variables, use of statistical procedures, can test hypothesis. Weaknesses: cannot determine casual relationships (although longitudinal approaches are better) Experiments are the only way to isolate cause and effect:
