PSYCH291 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Michael Bratman, Walter Mischel, Empathy Gap
13 Oct 2018
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Scientific method how psychologists form research questions/answer them/advance knowledge. Empiricism (knowledge from experience) john locke (philosopher) = must experience world to acquire. Psychologists take an evidence-based approach to advancing knowledge. Same methodology + procedure for each study (measurements = can be verified by others) Walter mischel wanted to know how does self-control develop in children. Michael bratman (reading) how does nature improve mental health. Generates a hypothesis after coming up with a research question. Hypothesis: specific outcome that researchers expect to observe. Look at previous research, any relevant theories in literature. Michael bratman (reading) stress reduction theory. Defining theory system of ideas intended to explain . Stress reduction theory provides an explanation of the impact of nature on affect. Ideas = supporting points e. g. nature scenes = activate pns to calm body down. Theory (broad explanation) hypothesis (specific expectation) study design (test the hypothesis) (bratman reading) rate walk in (a) urban setting vs (b) nature setting.
