HLTH102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hans Rosling, Child Mortality, Global Health
1 Aug 2016
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HLTH 102 – Week One Notes
What are the 5 main simple interventions from which the biggest health
advances have resulted?
1. Basic sanitation – Cholera
2. Basic medical services – Child & Maternal health
3. Vaccination – Small pox
4. Antibiotics
5. Primary prevention – Tobacco/Diet/HIV
What is the beef that Philip Morris, the maker of Marlboro cigarettes, has with
Uruguay and Canada?
Marlboro vs. Uruguay:
Marlboro vs. Canada:
- Uruguay put 3 regulations into place
that restrict the branding that can be
featured on cigarette packages
- Uruguayan law says health warnings
must cover 80% of each cigarette
package, but company argues that
this restriction prevents it from
effectively displaying its trademarks
- )n , Morris argued that Canada’s
proposal to prohibit the descriptors
light and mild were in breach of
certain investment provisions in the
North American Free Trade
Agreement
What is responsible for the most deaths?
HIV
What has happened to the proportion of the world population living in
extreme poverty over the last 30 years?
It has decreased
On average, how many years of school do men and women age 30 have
globally?
Men – 8, Women – 7
In 1950, there were fewer than 1 billion children (aged 0-14) in the world. By
2000, there were almost 2 billion. How many do UN experts think there will
be in 2100?
2 billion
What percentage of adults in the world today are literate (can read and
write)?
80%
What percentage of global deaths are due to non-communicable (i.e. chronic)
diseases?
60%
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Which country has the highest child mortality between Sri Lanka and Turkey?
Turkey
Which country has the highest child mortality between Poland and South
Korea?
Poland
Which country has the highest child mortality between Malaysia and Russia?
Russia
Which country has the highest child mortality between Pakistan and Vietnam?
Pakistan
Which country has the highest child mortality between Thailand and South
Africa?
South Africa
What happened to world population during Industrial Revolution?
- Countries in Europe move away from rest
- Colonized countries from Africa and Asia are stuck at the bottom
- Western countries overall just keep getting healthier and healthier
What happened during the 1920s and 30s?
- European + Western countries progress despite Great Depression
- Japan tries to follow, but most countries stay at the bottom
What happened in the aftermath of WWII?
- 1948 – US was at forefront, Japan was catching up, Brazil was way behind,
Iran was getting rich from oil but still not too far up, many Asian countries
were still at the bottom
- 1950s + 60s – Former colonies gain independence and get healthier
What happened from the 1970s to the 2000s?
- Countries in Asia + Latin America begin to catch up Emerging Economies
- Some in Africa followed, but some still stuck in Civil War or hit by HIV
What is happening currently (in present day)?
- Most people live in the middle, but there is still a huge difference between the
most well-off and least + inequalities even within countries
What happens first between social and economic change?
- Social!
o Ex. Fertility rate
o Mauritius is among the more well off when looking at the African split
(Ghana is towards the lowest)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Which is more important to Hans Rosling?
- Economic growth to me, as a public-health professor, is the most important
thing for development because it explains 80 percent of survival.
Governance. To have a government which functions -- that's what brought
California out of the misery of 85.
What is the breakdown between classes and how much of a country’s overall
income they take?
- Richest 20% take 74% of income
- Middle 60% take 24%
- Poorest 20% take 2%
What is global health?
- Global Health – Health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend
national boundaries
o May be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries
o Best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions
How does the World Bank distinguish between different levels of income?
- Low Income - $975 or less
- Lower Middle Income - $976 - $3,855
- Upper Middle Income - $3,856 - $11, 905
- High Income - $11,906 or more
How can we distinguish between a developed and developing country?
- No official criteria
- UN Human Development Index often used as basis for categories
What is the UN human development index?
- UN Human Development Index – Composite index of:
1. Literacy levels
2. Education
3. Lie expectancy
4. Purchasing power parity/income
- What are Canada’s values?
o HDI – 0.966 (4th in world)
o Life expectancy at birth – 80.6
o Combined gross enrolment ratio – 99.3
o GDP per capita – 35,812
What is extreme poverty?
- Extreme Poverty – Income of less than $1.90 per day (USD).
o Was $1.25 until recently
o Below 10% of world population in 2015
o 200 million fewer people than in 2012
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
What are the 5 main simple interventions from which the biggest health advances have resulted: basic sanitation cholera, basic medical services child & maternal health, vaccination small pox, primary prevention tobacco/diet/hiv, antibiotics. What is the beef that philip morris, the maker of marlboro cigarettes, has with. Uruguay put 3 regulations into place that restrict the branding that can be featured on cigarette packages. Uruguayan law says health warnings must cover 80% of each cigarette package, but company argues that this restriction prevents it from effectively displaying its trademarks. Marlboro vs. canada: proposal to prohibit the descriptors. )n (cid:884)(cid:882)(cid:882)(cid:883), morris argued that canada"s (cid:498)light(cid:499) and (cid:498)mild(cid:499) were in breach of certain investment provisions in the. In 1950, there were fewer than 1 billion children (aged 0-14) in the world. Which country has the highest child mortality between poland and south. Which country has the highest child mortality between thailand and south. Countries in europe move away from rest.
