BIOL273 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Sinoatrial Node, Skeletal Muscle, Resting Potential

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blushsheep131

6 Jul 2018

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL273

Professor

Dayeh Vivian

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Lecture 16

C. Internal Anatomy of the Heart

Parts of the heart: 4 chambers: 2 atria, left and right are superior (?) separated by

the atrial septum and 2 ventricles that are inferior, left and right, divided by the

ventricular septum. Side by side, works in unison

Left atrium

oReceives blood from the pulmonary veins  sends to ventricles

oWe have blood from the superior portion of the body via superior

vena cava to the inferior portions

oWe have well 02 blood here, the pulmonary veins carries it to the

heart? (behind, you have two of these) carries blood to the left

atrium, when it reaches it, it will send it to the left ventricle, which

upon contraction will send it to the systemic circulation (rest of the

body via aorta)

oSo we are in systematic circulation here

Left ventricle

oReceives blood from left atrium  sends to atrium

Right atrium

oReceives blood from venae cavae  sends to right ventricle

oSuperior to inferior vena cava?

Right ventricle

oReceives blood from right atrium  sends to lungs

oBlood back to heart via pulmonary veins

Valves  ensure flow is unidirectional (one-way)

oNo valves at entrance to the right & left atrium 

Due to weak atrial contraction relative to ventricular

contraction

Atrial contraction compresses the veins at the entry to the

heart  closes the exit to the heart & reduces backflow

During ventricular contraction

oAtria-ventricular (AV) valves  tricuspid (right AV) & bicuspid/mitral

valve (left EV) (fig 14.7, you have a superior view – looking down)

Attached on ventricular side to collagenous cords  chordae

tendinae

Prevents valves from being pushed back into atrium

oSemilunar valves  aortic (Between left ventricle and aorta) and

pulmonary (right ventricle and…?)

During ventricular contraction these SV two are nice and open

You don’t want the blood from the ventricle into the

atria that it just game from so both the right AV and

left AV are shut

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Document Summary

Lecture 16: internal anatomy of the heart. Parts of the heart: 4 chambers: 2 atria, left and right are superior (?) separated by the atrial septum and 2 ventricles that are inferior, left and right, divided by the ventricular septum. Left ventricle: receives blood from left atrium sends to atrium. Right ventricle: receives blood from right atrium sends to lungs, blood back to heart via pulmonary veins. Valves ensure flow is unidirectional (one-way: no valves at entrance to the right & left atrium . Due to weak atrial contraction relative to ventricular contraction. Atrial contraction compresses the veins at the entry to the heart closes the exit to the heart & reduces backflow. During ventricular contraction: atria-ventricular (av) valves tricuspid (right av) & bicuspid/mitral valve (left ev) (fig 14. 7, you have a superior view looking down) Attached on ventricular side to collagenous cords chordae tendinae.

Related Questions

Match the part of the human heart with its function

	Right ventricle
	Left atrium
	Left ventricle
	Aorta
	Pulmonary artery
	Vena
	Pulmonary veins

A.	Receives blood from the vena cava, delivers blood to the right ventricle.
B.	Blood enters this chamber via the right atrioventricular valve, delivers oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
C.	Receives oxygen rich blood from the lungs, delivers blood immediately through the left atrioventricular valve.
D.	Receives blood from the left atium, delivers blood to the body via the aorta.
E.	Largest artery in the body.
F.	Delivers blood to the lungs from the right ventricle.
G.	There are actually two of these veins, superior and inferior.
H.	These veins have the highest concentration of oxygen in them and deliver blood back to the heart from the lungs.

tealhyena132

A physician performing a heart transplant mistakenly connectsthe inferior and superior vena cava to the left atrium and thepulmonary vein to the right atrium. Using a flow chart or numberedlist, trace the path of a red blood cell STARTING in the leftatrium until it returns to the left atrium in the patient. The pathshould indicate the specific blood vessels, valves, and chambers ofthe heart the red blood cell would encounter on its journey. Whateffect would this have on oxygen exchange in systemiccapillaries?

fuchsiabeetle10

1) The external layer of the heart wall is the

Multiple Choice

endocardium.

myocardium.

epicardium.

parietal pericardium.

2) Check all that are characteristics of cardiac muscle.

Check All That Apply

Cells are long and cylindrical.

Cells are short and branching.

Cells have multiple nuclei at the periphery of the cell.

Cells have one or two nuclei in the center of the cell.

They are composed of thick and thin filaments.

The functional contractile unit is the sarcomere.

3) Match the chamber of the heart with the structure(s) from which it receives blood.

Coronary sinus

Pulmonary veins

Right atrium

Left atrium

Match each of the options above to the items below.

Right atrium

Right atrium Open choices for matching

Right ventricle

Right ventricle Open choices for matching

Left atrium

Left atrium Open choices for matching

Left ventricle

4) The less extensive distribution of T-tubules contributes to the more delayed onset and prolonged contraction of cardiac muscle tissue compared to skeletal muscle tissue.

True or False

5) The cells of the ___________ act as the heart's pacemaker, which establishes the pace for cardiac activity.

Multiple Choice

atrioventricular (AV) node

sinoatrial (SA) node

atrioventricular (AV) bundle

Purkinje cells

6) Match the cardiac vein with its description.

Travels close to the right marginal artery

In posterior interventricular sulcus

In anterior interventricular sulcus

In the posterior portion of cornary sulcus

Match each of the options above to the items below.

Great cardiac vein

Great cardiac vein Open choices for matching

Middle cardiac vein

Middle cardiac vein Open choices for matching

Small cardiac vein

Small cardiac vein Open choices for matching

Coronary sinus

7) Parasympathetic innervation to the heart comes from the medulla oblongata via the left and right ___________ nerves.

8) Check all that are components of the sympathetic innervation of the heart.

Check All That Apply

Cervical sympathetic ganglionCervical sympathetic ganglion

Spinal cordSpinal cord

Vagus nerve (CN X)Vagus nerve (CN X)

Cardiac nerveCardiac nerve

Sympathetic postganglionic axon

9) Check all that occur during ventricular contraction.

Check All That Apply

The AV valves open to allow blood to enter the ventricles from the atria.The AV valves open to allow blood to enter the ventricles from the atria.

The semilunar valves remain closed to prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles.The semilunar valves remain closed to prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles.

The semilunar valves open to allow blood to flow into the large arteries.The semilunar valves open to allow blood to flow into the large arteries.

The AV valves close to prevent backflow of blood into the atria.

BIOL273 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Sinoatrial Node, Skeletal Muscle, Resting Potential

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