BIOL266 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Friedrich Miescher, Nitrogenous Base, Pyrosequencing
25 Sep 2017
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Document Summary
Dna first isolated by friedrich miescher in 1869. Structure solved in 1950s by watson & crick. Dna polymers are specific sequences of nucleotides. All of the organism"s dna-based genetic instructions make up the genome. Genome is composed of genes, which are dna instructions for making proteins. Each nucleotide differs by the nitrogenous base it contains. Rrna - ribosomal rna trna - transfer rna. Primary structure of rna similar to dna. Rna, like dna, can be single or double stranded, linear or. Unlike dna, rna can exhibit different conformations. Different conformations permit the rnas to carry out. Contains uracil (u) instead of thymine (t) specific functions in the cell. Process of using dna information to make mrna and proteins. Rna polymerases look for promoter sequences to recognize beginning of genes. Prokaryotes use positive and negative regulation for transcription. E. g. , promoters and enhancers - which can be far away from the gene and modulate gene expression.
