BIOL130 Lecture 7: Biol 130 Unit 7 - Intracellular Compartment Transport

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For a cell to operate effectively, different intracellular processes that occur simultaneously must be segregated. One strategy: aggregate different enzymes required to catalyze a particular sequence of reactions into large, multicomponent complexes. Second strategy highly developed in eukaryotes: confine different metabolic processes and proteins required to perform them in different membrane-enclosed compartments. Protein sorting - each compartment contains a unique set of proteins that have to be transferred selectively from the cytosol where they are made, to the compartment they are used. Synthesis of virtually all proteins on free ribosomes. How certain membrane-enclosed compartments in a eukaryotic cell communicate with each other by forming vesicles. Vesicular transport - pinch off from one compartment, move through the cytosol. Main route from releasing proteins (exocytosis) and importing them (endocytosis) Eukaryotic cells contain a basic set of membrane-enclosed organelles. Membrane-enclosed organelles - held by microtubules, moved by cytoskeletal filaments. Major site of synthesis of new membranes in the cell.

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