BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Nuclear Localization Sequence, Nuclear Pore, Secretion

QUESTION 30

The function of centrosome is:

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QUESTION 31

The destinations of proteins synthesized on "free" ribomsomes include:

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QUESTION 32

Microtubules can be assembled and disassembled quickly in response to the cellular changes is because:

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QUESTION 33

Both signal recognition particle and a translocon in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane can recognize and bind to the signal sequence of a secretory protein, so they play the exact same role during protein co-translational translocation.

True

False

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QUESTION 34

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is so named is because:

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QUESTION 35

The membrane vesicles that transport materials between membrane compartments have a protein coat. The protein coat has similar functions in different vesicles. These functions include:

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QUESTION 36

Lysosomes are important for:

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QUESTION 37

Which of the following is correct about membrane biosynthesis?

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QUESTION 38

During skeletal muscle contractions, the shortening of the muscle fibers is because of:

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QUESTION 39

The assembly and disassembly of microtubules is regulated by rate of growth and shrinkage of the plus end.

True

False

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QUESTION 40

The functions of Golgi complex include:

1. Name two similarities and two differences between thecellular processes of importing

protein into the ER and importing protein to the nucleus.

2. What proteins are directly involved in the transportation ofcargo in a clathrin-coated

vesicle?

a. Dynamin

b. Adaptins

c. Cargo receptors

d. t SNARES

3. Suppose a cell was treated with colchiine, a drug causingmicrotubule disassembly.

What would happen within the cell? Why?

Suppose there were a genetic defect in the genes that code forkinesins and dyneins.

What would happen within the cell? Why?

4. Which of the following are true about microtubules?

a. They are utilized by the disease causing bacteriaLysteria.

b. Instability in the minus-end of the microtubule is caused bythe hydrolization of GTP.

c. Centrosomes contain binding sites for microtubules composed atype of tubulin ring.

d. Cellular concentrations of tubulin are above the criticalconcentration for plus-end

polymerization.

e. Motor proteins can attach organelles to the microtubules.

5. Indicate which of the following statements are false:

a. Membrane fusion is energetically unfavorable and thusrequires ATP or similar high

energy molecule to occur

b. Clathrin is responsible for capturing specific molecules fortransport in coated vesicle

structures.

c. Receptor proteins that are incorporated into an endosome canbe retrieved back to the

membrane domain it originated from; can return to a new domainof the membrane; or

can enter the lysosome for digestion.

d. Transport vesicles occasionally bud from the trans Golginetwork to fuse with the

plasma membrane in a process called constitutive exocytosis.

e. Most components of the endocytic vesicle membrane eventuallyare returned to the

plasma membrane for reuse.

6. Match the following organelles with their function:

Organelle Bank:

a. Mitochondria

b. Endoplasmic reticulum

c. Nucleus

d. Lysosome

e. Endosome

f. Peroxisome

g. Golgi apparatus

_____ quality control of mRNA

_____ location of oxidative phosphorylation

_____ responsible for detoxifying organic molecules (livercells)

_____ houses and protects genetic material

_____ responsible for modification and sorting of proteins andlipids

_____ location of ATP synthesis

_____ responsible for sorting endocytosed materials

_____ site of degradation and digestion

_____ responsible for oxidizing toxic molecules

_____ location of lipid synthesis

_____ location of hormone synthesis (adrenal cells)

B. Which organelle(s) from the above list communicate(s) withother organelle(s)

through the use of vesicular transport? ________________

C. Which organelle(s) from the above list receive proteins madein the

cytosol?___________________

D. Through which organelle(s) must proteins pass to reach theorganelle(s) which do not

receive proteins made exclusively in thecytosol?______________

E. Entrance into which organelle(s) requires that proteinsunfold and snake through the

membrane? _________________

F. How do organelles maintain their position in the cytosol? Bespecific.

G. Give 2 advantages that eukaryotic cells gain by havingorganelles.

7. Which of the following statements are true regardingactin?

a. They are arranged in a

The vesicles that transport materials from donor membranes to acceptor membranes include:

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QUESTION 11

During skeletal muscle contraction, the roles of ATP include:

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QUESTION 12

One of the functions of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is

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QUESTION 13

The function of COP-II coated vesicles is mainly:

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QUESTION 14

Which of the following processes is completed in rough endoplasmic reticulum?

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QUESTION 15

Kinesin is the motor protein that coorporates with microtubules. It has the following functions:

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QUESTION 16

For correct segregation and trafficking, lysosomal proteins are tagged in the cis-Golgi with phosphorylated mannose residues, and then the tagged lysosomal enzymes are recruited to clathrin coated vesicles by mannose 6-phosphate receptors.

True

False

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QUESTION 17

The process that specialized cells, such macrophages, engulf relatively large particles is:

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QUESTION 18

Proteins synthesized on rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are imported co-translationally to their destinations

True

False

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QUESTION 19

Treatment of cells with a drug that promotes microtubule disassembly disperses Golgi complex into separate stacks of membrane compartments, suggesting that:

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QUESTION 20

Which of the following is correct about signal sequence of a secretory protein?