BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Anomer, Hexose, Trisaccharide
20 Apr 2017
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Typical structural features of sugar monomers carbonyl group (either ketone or aldehyde) lots of -oh groups (cid:448)ary i(cid:374) le(cid:374)gth of c skeleto(cid:374) (cid:894)c3, c(cid:1009), c(cid:1010), . (cid:895) triose, pentose, hexose. C1 is anomeric carbon carbonyl group converted to hydroxyl hydroxyl can be below plane of molecule (same as hydroxyl on c2) or above (opposite to oh on c2), form two different anomers. Structural polysaccharides in plants: cellulose polymer of -glucose, joined by -1,4 linkages: each glucose is flipped relative to adjacent ones allows for h-bonding between adjacent strands extremely stable, most abundant organic molecule on earth. Structural polysaccharides in bacteria: peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls the most complex cho so far! two different alternating monomers linked by -1,4 bonds chain of amino acids attached to one of the sugars. What is the biological significance of how monosaccharides are linked: -1-4 linkages (and -1-6) of starch and glycogen readily hydrolyzed.
