BIOL130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Peptide, Electronegativity, Protein Structure
20 Apr 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Large, organized molecs tht are typically created by polymerization. Cells contain 4 major families of small organic compounds (carbohydrates) polysaccharides. General theme for generating macromolecules: hydrolysis breaking the chain. Proteins: more functions than any other group of macromolecules. Support: cytoskeleton, fibres of cartilage, hair, nails. Signalling/ regulatory: hormones, membrane proteins, intracellular messengers, movement, of the cell itself - contractile proteins, flagella, within the cell - motor proteins, defense, antibodies, complement proteins. Proteins are polymers: amino acids connected in linear polymers of a specific sequence. St(cid:396)i(cid:374)g of (cid:894)aas(cid:895) = peptide (cid:894)di, t(cid:396)i, tet(cid:396)a (cid:895) o(cid:396) polypeptide. Sometimes 2 or more peptide chains (subunits) combine to form mature, functional protein. Amino acid structure: aas are ionized under physiological conditions. Ionization increases solubility, facilitates interactions with each other and other solutes, increases reactivity (zwitterions) 2 general classes: nonpolar hydrophobic r groups, no charged or electronegative atoms to form.
