PHPY 304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Nitrovasodilator, Vascular Smooth Muscle, Arteriole
3 Dec 2016
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Drugs to consider: a. (nitrates - nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate), b. Adrenergic blockers (eg. , metoprolol, atenolol), c. calcium channel blockers (diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine or nifedipine) Knowledge objectives: define ischemia, list 2 ways of treating it. Classify 3 groups of drugs for angina & their mechanisms. Angina: caused by decreased in blood pressure to meet increased metabolic demands of the heart, reduced oxygen supply but increase in demand, chest pains thrombosis plug, coronary vasospasm & atherosclerosis contribute to angina, therapy goals. Reduce oxygen demand and reduce heart workload. By decreasing contractility, heart rate and venous return. Nitrates and b-blockers or ca2+ channel blockers. Increase oxygen supply to the heart: by promoting vasodilation, this is minimal, nitrates and ca2+ blockers can promote vasodilation. Increases cgmp in both arteries and veins: potent vasodilator, best for acute angina, tolerance can develop. (cid:271)lo(cid:272)kers: decrease o2 demand, heart rate and contractility, best for long term management -in stable, be wary in unstable cases.
