ARCH 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Ramesses Ii, Experimental Archaeology, Ushabti
27 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Early State Civilizations -Egypt
Images and description of Old Kingdom pyramids
Khafre’s pyramid and sphinx at Giza, 2532B.C.
Khufu's son--constructed own burial pyramid
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Sphinx is suppose to be Khafre
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Sphinx earliest and largest of its kind--head of a man (who they think
is Khafre) with lions body
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Menkaure--successor of Khafre
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New Kingdom -1532 to 1070 B.C*.
Pharaohs developed a powerful army that conquered an expanding empire
Thebes became a capital city **
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A famous New Kingdom Period site is the Valley of the Kings
A Cemetery of New Kingdom Pharaohs and elites dates 3500 to
3000 years ago
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Tombs of long corridors that lead to burial chambers--stock with
thousands of grave goods
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To prevent from grave robbers--all robbed except one ( King Tut)
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KV 62 - Tutankhamun’s tomb
King Tutankhamun's tomb is the most well known tomb in the Valley of
the Kings. It was discovered by Howard Carter in 1922.
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Studied under Sir Flinders Petrie--then met Lord Carnarvon (sponsored his
archaeology)
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Found a door that lead to a stairway--lead to a door that lead to the door of
King Tut (hidden by debris)
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Known because he was a well known leader, but because his grave was
undisturbed
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He was 8 yo when he became king--died suddenly when he was 18 yo
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Found throne made with ebony--
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His wife's name was Ankhesenamun--half sister
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Mummified babies in tuts grave--died young (believed to be the daughters
of the two)
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Ushabti figures--help him in the afterlife (no one had to die with his burial)
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Egyptian Mummies and the mummification process
Ritual took 70 days
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Right hand side would be cut open--Organs removed mummified
separately-- placed in Canopic jars
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The heart wouldn’t be removed--but the brain would be removed by the
nasal passageways
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Bags of salt would be packed around the body--would draw the moisture
out for 40 days (and have a well preserved body
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Body would be placed with oils--frankincense --then wrapped
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Natron…
Ramesses II ruled for 67 years--had about 100 kids--well-known ruler
Experimental archaeology
Created a mummy --to Egyptian history
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Egyptian Civilization cont'd
Friday, November 10, 2017
11:17 AM
Document Summary
Sphinx earliest and largest of its kind--head of a man (who they think is khafre) with lions body. Pharaohs developed a powerful army that conquered an expanding empire. A famous new kingdom period site is the valley of the kings. A cemetery of new kingdom pharaohs and elites dates 3500 to. Tombs of long corridors that lead to burial chambers--stock with thousands of grave goods. To prevent from grave robbers--all robbed except one ( king tut) King tutankhamun"s tomb is the most well known tomb in the valley of the kings. It was discovered by howard carter in 1922. Studied under sir flinders petrie--then met lord carnarvon (sponsored his archaeology) Found a door that lead to a stairway--lead to a door that lead to the door of. Known because he was a well known leader, but because his grave was undisturbed. He was 8 yo when he became king--died suddenly when he was 18 yo.
