BIOL 2410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Postganglionic Nerve Fibers, Sympathetic Ganglion, Autonomic Ganglion
15 Nov 2016
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Innervates organs whose functions are not usually under voluntary control: can exert some control eg - biofeedback, micturation (peeing) Reflexes are important for autonomic control: usually involves sensory info causing changes in autonomic output, in order to return to a set point. Negative feedback: may elicit feedforward, sensory info may be processed within hypothalamus, limbic system, or even at the level of the spinal cord, effectors are visceral organs and blood vessels. Autonomic pathways consist of 2 neurons that synapse in an autonomic ganglion: preganglionic neuron and postganglionic neuron, usually have divergence not convergence. Most internal organs are under antagonistic control: one autonomic branch is excitatory, and the other branch is inhibitory. Use both para and sympathetic: example. Homeostasis is a dynamic balance between the autonomic branches: rest and digest - parasympathetic activity dominates, fight or flight - sympathetic activity dominates. Origin of preganglionic nerve is in thoaric or lumbar section of spinal cord: para.
