BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Meiosis, Gamete, Interphase

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erinchimpanzee657

13 May 2017

School

University of Manitoba

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIOL 1000

Professor

Kevin G.Scott

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Document Summary

Life cycle = the sequence of stages leading form the adults of one generation to the adults of the next . Having 2 sets of chromosomes (1 from each parent) is a key factor in the life cycle of humans . Diploid organism = organism whose cells contain pairs of homologous chromosomes . Diploid number (2n) = total number of chromosomes (2n = 46 in humans) . Gametes contain a single set of chromosomes : 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome (either x or y) Haploid (n) = cell with a single set of chromosomes *only contains 1 member of each homologous pair (n = 23 in humans) Fertilization = process by which haploid sperm cell fuses with a haploid egg cell, resulting in the formation of a zygote . Zygote = a diploid cell with 2 sets of homologous chromosomes (1 set from each parent) Life cycle is completed as a sexually mature adult develops from the zygote .

Related Questions

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 1 options:

	gamete
	somatic cells
	zygote
	sexual reproduction

1.	Reproductive life cycle that involves an alternation between haploid and diploid cells
2.	A single cell with a diploid number of chromosomes resulting from the fusion of an egg and a sperm.
3.	Cells (egg or sperm) resulting from a meiotic division of germ-line cells
4.	The non-reproductive cells found in embryos and mature individuals

Question 2 (5 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 2 options:

	syngamy
	haploid
	meiosis
	diploid
	germ-line cells

1.	The cells that will eventually undergo meiosis to produce gametes.
2.	The number of chromosomes found in gametes (eggs or sperm).
3.	The process by which two haploid gametes fuse to form a new diploid cell.
4.	A specialized reduction division that produces cells with half the normal number of chromosomes.
5.	Two sets of chromosomes present in the somatic cells of adult individuals.

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about chromosomes?

Prokaryotes have a singel, circular chromosome

Eukaryotes have multiple, linear chromosomes.

Human cells normally 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Eukaryote chromosomes are composed of only DNA

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about reproduction?

Eukaryotes life cycles include a haploid and diploid phase.

Prokaryotes reproduce asexually.

Eukaryotes can propagate by asexual or sexual reproduction.

Prokaryotes typically reproduce slower than eukaryotes.

Which of the folllowing animal cells is most likely haploid?

nerve cell

muscle cell

sperm cell

liver cell

When human gametes fuse, they form a _____.

		Haploid egg
		Diploid zygote
		Haploid zygote
		Triploid egg

1. Does the parent cell in Mitosis start off as diploid or haploid? Are the resulting cells at the end of Mitosis diploid or haploid?

2.Does the parent cell in Meiosis start off as diploid or haploid? Are the resulting cells at the end of Meiosis diploid or haploid?

3.How does the number of chromosomes in sperm/egg compare with the number of chromosomes in the parent cell?

1. Identify whether each process below occurs during mitosis, meiosis,or both.

b. Haploid cells are formed -

c. Cell division occurs only once

d. Homologous chromosomes pair

e. 4 haploid cells are the final result

g. Cell division occurs twice -

h. Replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

i. 2 diploid cells are the final result _

BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Meiosis, Gamete, Interphase

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