PSYC 2740 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Disparate Impact, Myers–Briggs Type Indicator, Barnum Effect
31 May 2018
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CHAPTER 4
• assumptions trait psychologists make
o meaningful differences between individuals
o consistency over time
o consistency across situations
▪ aggregation
• average tendency
• ie stress levels- will be higher during midterms and exams but
what about in between
• person situation interactions
o selection
▪ we choose the situations we find ourselves in
• ie ppl who aren’t outgoing and don’t drink won’t go to the pub
o evocation
▪ people evoke reactions in others
• ie when someone yells at you, you can yell back or ignore them
o manipulation
▪ altering environment already inhabited
• ie silent treatment when mad to get own way
• measurement issues
o carelessness
▪ participants not motivated to answer carefully or truthfully
▪ detected via
• infrequency scales
• duplicate questions
o faking
▪ participants motivated to distort their answers on questionnaire
• fake good
• fake bad
▪ limitations
• false positive
• false negative
o barnum statements
▪ generalities that apply to everyone
• ie the horoscope
▪ reliable statements should
• be quantitative
• provide your results relative to others
o response sets
▪ (discussed in chapter 2)
• personality used to predict
o personnel selection
▪ in business settings
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