NUTR 2050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Infant Formula, Food Processing, Broccoli

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Nutrition
• Course: NUTR 2050
• Professor: a A

Document Summary

For women, adverse effects of intense physical activity over the long-term include: Effects are the result of hormonal and metabolic changes due to server caloric deficits. Triggered when energy intake is substantially less than the requirement. Results in decreased lh and fsh levels, and lack of estrogen. Low hormone levels lead to reduction in bone density and increased risk of stress fractures; critical since peak established before age 30. Diet may impact hormone levels, which can affect fertility. Diet can contribute food components that are needed for (or hinder) reproduction. Low-fat, high fiber linked to reduced estrogen & irregular periods. < 20% total calories from fat seems to negatively influence fertility. Isoflavones (from soy) may influence levels of gonadotropins, estrogen, & progesterone. In men, intake of soy also associated with reduced sperm count. Rate of infertility lower in women who use iron supplements. About 50 % of women enter pregnancy with inadequate iron stores supplements usually recommended.