NURS 487 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Great Arteries, Overriding Aorta, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
22 Sep 2017
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Maternal conditions (intrauterine viral infections (rubella), diabetes mellitus, phenylketonuria, alcoholism, hypercalcemia, drugs) Congenital heat defects can be categorized to: whether the defect causes cyanosis, whether the defect causes increased or decreased blood flow into the pulmonary circulation, whether the defect causes obstruction of blood flow from the ventricles. Shunt- abnormal movement of blood flow from one side to the other. Left-to-right shunt: shunting of blood flow from the left heart into the right (atrial septal defect, and ventricular septal defect) These increase blood flow to the pulmonary circulation so do not decrease tissue oxygenation. Cyanotic heart defects: cause shunting of blood from the right to the left (so before blood goes to pulmonary circulation), so it causes decreased o2 to the tissues and results in cyanosis. (a bluish discolouration of the skin) Increases pulmonary blood flow (atrial + ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus and atrioventricular canal) Obstruction to blood flow from ventricles (coarctation of aorta, aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis)
