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CMMB 545 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Pitting Corrosion, Microbial Corrosion, Siderite

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rosefrog223
20 Jun 2020
School
University of Calgary
Department
Cellular, Molecular and Microbial Biology
Course
CMMB 545
Professor
Lisa Gieg

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Document Summary

Take sample and look for evidence of various chemical components such as: Volatile fatty acids (common fatty acids found in oil elds and oil uids, thus known as oil organics fraction). Produced by acid producing bacteria, so they can be the result of fermentation products. Some are thought to be corrosive, so they can create a local acidic environment and react with the metal to dissolve it. Salinity: how much salt is present in a given environment. Ph: more acidic ph, expect more corrosion. Potential electron acceptors and products of processes: look for total amounts of dissolved iron (ie in corrosion, see an increase in concentration of iron in free phase and water phase) Elemental composition of corrosion products: some solid content that might be found on pipe where corrosion occurred. These would primarily be iron and sulfur containing minerals. Some corrosion products found underneath coatings on outside of pipelines.

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Related Questions

1. Immediately after the poster presentations, Aaron and Kyledecide to take an impromptu trip to Yellowstone. It is a long driveand as they make their way up north and, Aaron (not unexpectedly)begins to tease Kyle, “Kyle, you remind me the most of amicroorganism in Volume 1 of Bergey’s Manual of SystematicBacteriology. This
microorganism can take a lot of heat, in fact its optimal growthtemperature is 181.4ºF. However, it is also quite a nuisance as itcan cause corrosion of iron and steel in gas processing systems byforming FeS.” To which microorganism is Aaron referring
a. Sulfolobus solfataricus
b. Clostridium deficil
c. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
d. Pyrococcus furiosus
e. Archaeoglobus fulgidus

2. Kyle, ignoring Aaron, returns his attention to his Microbiologytextbook where he is
reading about the Thermoproteus tenax that he hopes to observe inNorris Geyser Basin.Kyle reads all of the following about T. tenaxEXCEPT?
a. T. tenax is a thermoacidiphilic member of the phylumCrenarchaeota.
b. T. tenax has phospholipids that differ from those ofthermophilic bacteria. Namely
the linkages that connect the hydrocarbon side chains to theglycerol backbone are
different (ether rather than ester linkages).
c. The peptidoglycan of T. tenax contains unusual D-amino acidsthat cross-link the
N-acetylmuramic acid residues of the glycan chains.
d. The genes of T. tenax are under control of promoters that aresimilar to eukaryotic
promoters.

3. Kyle and Aaron arrive in West Yellowstone, pack their backpacks(Kyle carefully places his Microbiology text into the top of hispack), and clip into their skis. As they ski towards MadisonJunction, Aaron notices the thick mat of Cyanobacteria along
Yellowstone River. The two stop and Kyle pulls out a tinymicroscope that Aaron did not even know he had. After observing thebacteria in the matt, Kyle states that it looks like Nostoc andthat he can see the heterocysts. Aaron immediately realizes thatthese heterocysts
a. lack the ability to oxidize water.
b. contain the enzyme nitrogenase.
c. cannot perform noncyclic photophosphorylation.
d. provide ammonia to other cells of the trichome.
e. all of the above

4. Aaron and Kyle hit the skis again and by the time the sun issetting, they have made their way to Norris Geyser Basin. Aftersetting up their tents, Kyle pulls out some “light” bedtimereading: Since its original discovery in Congress Pool, a thermalfeature at Yellowstone’s Norris Geyser Basin with an averagetemperature of 80oC and average pH of 3.0 (Brock et al. 1972),species of the genus ______________ have been isolated from varioussolfataric fields [in] Pisciarelli, Italy (Zillig et al.1980);
…Sogasel, Iceland (Zillig et al. 1994); and … from Japan’s BeppuHot Springs (Suzuki et al. 2002)._____________ species aregenerally aerobic and [although] heterotrophic growth has beenreported, autotrophic—oxidation of S2O32-, S4O62-, So and S2- tosulphuric acid,… has been [primarily] described (Shivvers and Brock1973; Schönheit and Schäfer 1995). (Brouns et. al., GeothermalBiology and Geochemistry in Yellowstone National Park) Kyle readsthis passage out loud and tells Aaron to fill in the blank with thecorrect genus name
a. Methanococcus
b. Thermoproteus
c. Picrophilus
d. Sulfolobus
e. Halobacterium

5. The next morning Aaron and Kyle wake up bright and early to thesmell of H2S gas and the sound of skis on the snow. They pop theirheads out of their tents and see Nikki andJeslyn ski up. Aaron canjust overhear Nikki and Jeslyn discussing certain
microorganisms. Of all of the statements that Aaron overhears,which is the only
INCORRECT statement?

a. “Although found in the environment, it would be easiest toisolate Paleococcus
from the feces of a ruminant.”
b. “Thermoplasma could be isolated from a refuse pile at a coalmine.”
c. “Halobacterium salinarium could be isolated from the Great SaltLake or the
Dead Sea.”
d. “Because Picrophilus can tolerate more acidic environments, itwould be more
likely to be found in certain solfateras where the pH drops below1.”

6. Aaron and Kyle decide to join Nikki and Jeslyn as they all walkaround the boardwalk of Norris Geyser basin. On theirwalkabout
a. they observe red zones created by the pigments of Halobacteriumsalinarium.
b. they smell methane gas produced by the resident population ofDesulfovibrio.
c. they recognize yellow zones in which they know a residentpopulation of
thermoacidophilic members of the phylum Crenarchaeota live.
d. All of the above
e. A and B

7. The beauty of the microbial zones is, at this point, simply toomuch for Aaron to take and he stops on the boardwalk and declaresthat he is going to get a PhD in microbiology and specialize inarchaeal metabolism. Nikki thinks this sounds like a pretty goodplan and reminds Aaron that with such a credential he could workfor/in ________________.
a. academia
b. medical research
c. industry2
d. NASA (http://exobiology.nasa.gov/)
e. All of the above

8.Unlike fungi, plants and animals, protists
a. lack complex tissue organization.
b. are prokaryotes
c. contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls
d. are always photoheterotrophic.

9. Giardia intestinalis
a. utilizes aerobic respiration to generate energy.
b. is a trypanosome.
c. is in the supergroup Excavata.
d. is found only in marine environments.

10. Hannah P. decides to spend her day out riding fences andchecking on the cattle tanks.After visiting two of the tanks,Hannah becomes concerned as she sees a red surface bloom on both.She remembers from microbiology that this “bloom” is
a. caused by Euglena.
b. caused by Trypanosoma gambiense.
c. caused by a protist that is motile via pseudopodia.
d. the primary cause of amoebic dysentery in humans.