ANTH 311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Macroevolution, Sociobiology, Patrilocal Residence

• School: University of Calgary
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANTH 311
• Professor: Dejana Nikitovic

Document Summary

Living in groups: natural selection, kin selection, and reciprocal altruism. Outline: living in group- pros and cons, evolution and natural selection, altruism, kin selection. Primates are social animals: social attraction: individuals seeking out proximity to each other outside of environmental stimuli (more than a response to predation or to localize food resources) Costs of living in a group: lots of intra-competition- limited food, spread of disease, competition over mates. Resource defense hypothesis: more resources, find more food, defend food sources, capuchins- groups of 10 have 15% chance of winning encounters; Groups of 35 have 100% chance of winning encounters: predation defense hypothesis. Individuals have less chance of being caught: survival, easier to detect predators, mobbing to deter predators, swarming to confuse predators during fight. **terrestrial primates tend to live in larger groups than arboreal primates. ** some primate species adjust group size to the risk of predation: resource defense and predator defense are not mutually exclusive.