REN R260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Nikolaas Tinbergen, Kary Mullis, Climate Change Denial
19 Sep 2016
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Appeals to authority: because an authority states something, it must therefore be true, science is not about authority - winning a nobel prize does not mean everything out of that scientist"s mouth is true. Excluded middle fallacy: this fallacy assumes there are only two alternatives when in fact there are more. Also known as the false dilemma or black and white thinking. Burden of proof fallacy: the claim that whatever has not yet been proved false must be true (or vice versa), there is no evidence against 1, therefore 1, there is no evidence for 1, therefore not 1. Arguments against the man: when irrelevant personal premises are introduced against an opponent. !1: is an emotionally appealing phrase so closely associated with highly valued concepts and beliefs that it carries conviction without supporting information. Euphemisms: attempt to calm or misdirect in the audience by using bland or misleading phrasing.
