NUTR100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Nutrition Transition, Vitamin A Deficiency, Iodine Deficiency

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OC1238725

13 Jun 2018

School

University of Alberta

Department

Nutrition

Course

NUTR100

Professor

Sabina Valentine

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Chapter 18 World Hunger and Malnutrition

- 1 billion of the 6.5 billion people lived in developed countries

- many people are exposed to undernutrition and starvation, many other have experience

a nutrition transition, leading to overconsumption, obesity and disease

- they experience lower levels of productivity, disability

- Nutrition transition: series of changes in diet, physical activity, health and nutrition that

occurs as poor become more prosperous

o Rural, traditional diets: low fat, low sugar, high fibre, mainly carb staples

▪ Inadequate in energy and nutrients

• Leads to undernutrition

o Affluent western Diet: high fat, high sugar, low fibre, diverse, varied, high in

animal

▪ Nutritionally adequate but imprudent

▪ Usually includes inactivity, smoking, alcohol, stress

• over nutrition

- as countries develop economically, the number of underweight decreases and the

number that is overweight increases

o higher rates of obesity found in city because of availability of food and sedentary

jobs

- the cycle of undernutrition: when oe ho are pregat do’t hae utritious diet,

leads to undernourished adults

o low birth weight infants have higher mortality rate

o usually higher illiteracy rates in undeveloped countries, less access to medical

care

o low birth weights usually have abdominal fat in adulthood

o well over half of deaths of children under 5 are from infectious diseases

- Food shortages

o Due to poverty overpopulation, cultural practices, and limited environmental

resources

▪ Famine: widespread failure in food supply due to collapse of food

production and marketing systems

• Very visible, cause many deaths

▪ Chronic food shortage

▪ More than 1.4 billion people live below poverty line

- Poor quality diets:

o Protein and energy deficiencies usually occur together and are the most

common in children

o Iron deficiency may affect as much as 60-80% of the orld’s populatio

o Iodine deficiency may affect 13-3030% of the orld’s populatio

▪ Deficiencies in pregnancy increases chance of still births

▪ Impaired school performance,

o Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children.

▪ Can cause blindness, depress immune function, retard growth

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Document Summary

1 billion of the 6. 5 billion people lived in developed countries. Many people are exposed to undernutrition and starvation, many other have experience a nutrition transition, leading to overconsumption, obesity and disease they experience lower levels of productivity, disability. Nutrition transition: series of changes in diet, physical activity, health and nutrition that occurs as poor become more prosperous: rural, traditional diets: low fat, low sugar, high fibre, mainly carb staples. Inadequate in energy and nutrients: leads to undernutrition, affluent western diet: high fat, high sugar, low fibre, diverse, varied, high in animal, nutritionally adequate but imprudent, usually includes inactivity, smoking, alcohol, stress, over nutrition. Poor quality diets: protein and energy deficiencies usually occur together and are the most common in children. Iron deficiency may affect as much as 60-80% of the (cid:449)orld"s populatio(cid:374) Iodine deficiency may affect 13-3030% of the (cid:449)orld"s populatio(cid:374: deficiencies in pregnancy increases chance of still births.

Related Questions

PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

QUESTION 1 The nutrition transition is driven by three major ecologic factors; demographics, urbanization and changes in a.Longevity b.Standard or living c. Dietary trends

QUESTION 2 The dual burden of populations in nutrition transition refers to finding obesity and ________ coexisting within the same household a.Overnutrition b.Undernutrition c. sedentary lifestyle d.None of the above

QUESTION 3 Following the global financial crisis of 2008, which of the following occurred that left the poor and undernourished populations less food secure that they were earlier in the decade a.Crop diversion for biofuel production b.Restrictive trade policies c.Surging oil prices d.All of the above

QUESTION 4 The Barker hypothesis proposes that under nutrition at different phases of intrauterine and postnatal growth results in an increased risk for a.Kidney disease b.Type 2 diabetes c.Liver disease d.Osteoporosis

QUESTION 5 According to Merson, South Korea has retained elements of its traditional diet, such as high rice and vegetable consumption, which has resulted in adult overweight status but not a.Undernutrition b.Micronutrient deficiencies c.Obesity d.None of the above

QUESTION 6 According to Popkin, some of the major technological clashes with human biology contributing to the obesity pandemic include a.Infant formula b.Edible oil revolution c.Sanitation d.Antibiotics

QUESTION 7 According to Popkin, ________ is one of the few low or middle-income countries to aggressively move against sugar-sweetened beverages and other high-calorie, less healthful beverages. a.Russia b.Kuwait c.Mexico d.None of the above

QUESTION 8 According to Popkin, one of the limitations of the current research on obesity in low and middle-income countries is the focus on women of child bearing age and __________ a.adolescents b.preschoolers c.the elderly d.None of the above QUESTION 9 More people in the world are now overweight or obese than underweight. True False

QUESTION 10 Popkin says that the overarching trend that is encouraging all these challenges in diet and lifestyle which lead to obesity is __________ a.GMO's b.Pesticides c.Corporate farms d.Globalization

QUESTION 11 Iron deficiency is considered the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world True False

QUESTION 12 The WHO/UNICEF recommends giving breast milk alone for the first __________ months of life. a.12 b.3 c.6 d.4

QUESTION 13 Breastfeeding markedly improves an infant's chances of surviving the first 2 to 3 months of life. True False QUESTION 14 Breast milk can transmit HIV True False

QUESTION 15 Food security is not only dependent on food availability but also ______ a.GMO's b.Fertilizers c.Food Access

QUESTION 16 One of the populations at risk for undernutrition are the elderly True False

QUESTION 17 Diarrheal diseases and pneumonia are the two most common causes of death in children younger than five years of age in low-income countries True False

QUESTION 18 According to this week's lecture, 80% of arable land worldwide has lost productivity because of soil degradation True False

QUESTION 19 According to Merson, evidence is slowly accumulating that ______ among older persons is an immense and growing problem in low- and middle-income countries. a.iodine deficiency b.malaria c.vitamin a deficiency d.undernutrition

QUESTION 20 Which is labeled the most common preventable cause of mental retardation a.Iodine deficiency b.Vitamin D deficiency c.Copper deficiency d.Zinc deficiency

ceriseminnow141

PLEASE HELP ME ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS.

QUESTION 1 The nutrition transition is driven by three major ecologic factors; demographics, urbanization and changes in a.Longevity b.Standard or living c. Dietary trends

QUESTION 9 More people in the world are now overweight or obese than underweight. True False

QUESTION 11 Iron deficiency is considered the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world True False

QUESTION 12 The WHO/UNICEF recommends giving breast milk alone for the first __________ months of life. a.12 b.3 c.6 d.4

QUESTION 13 Breastfeeding markedly improves an infant's chances of surviving the first 2 to 3 months of life. True False

QUESTION 14 Breast milk can transmit HIV True False

QUESTION 15 Food security is not only dependent on food availability but also ______ a.GMO's b.Fertilizers c.Food Access

QUESTION 16 One of the populations at risk for undernutrition are the elderly True False

QUESTION 17 Diarrheal diseases and pneumonia are the two most common causes of death in children younger than five years of age in low-income countries True False

QUESTION 18 According to this week's lecture, 80% of arable land worldwide has lost productivity because of soil degradation True False

QUESTION 20 Which is labeled the most common preventable cause of mental retardation a.Iodine deficiency b.Vitamin D deficiency c.Copper deficiency d.Zinc deficiency

harlequinplatypus501

NUTR100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Nutrition Transition, Vitamin A Deficiency, Iodine Deficiency

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