BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Electron Acceptor, Cytochrome, Chemiosmosis

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champagnegnu33

27 Jun 2020

School

University of Alberta

Department

Biology (Biological Sciences)

Course

BIOL107

Professor

Carla Craveiro

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BIOL107 Full Course Notes

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3 nadh to be used to generate energy. 1 fadh 2 - to be used by oxidative phosphorylation. It has been completely oxidized into the form of co 2. Oxidative phosphorylation -> electron transport chain & chemiosmosis. During glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the kreb"s cycle, most of the energy extracted from organic molecules is transferred to nadh and fadh 2. During oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to atp synthesis. Electron transport chain (etc) is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae) Most of chain"s component include proteins, which exist in multiprotein complexes. Electron carriers alternate between reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electrons. Electrons give up free energy as they move through the chain in a stepwise manner. Last step = electrons are passed to o 2 , forming h 2 o. The electron transport chain (etc) does not generate atp directly. All protein complexes are embedded in mitochondrial membrane.

Related Questions

Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of cellular respiration and the main pathway of aerobic energy generation from glucose. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

a. NADH and FADH2 are used as âinputâ into the electron transport chain

b. The electron transport chain produces a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

c. FADH2 stores less energy than NADH

d. The electron transport chain is made up of several membrane protein complexes

e. ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis requires about 30 protons per ATP molecule

Which of the following accurately describe difference(s) between oxidative phosphorylation and substrate-level phosphorylation during aerobic respiration in eukaryotes?

	a.	Oxidative phosphorylation relies on energy initially derived from redox reactions to power ATP synthase, and substrate-level phosphorylation relies on enzymatic reactions to phosphorylate ADP.
	b.	Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane and substrate-level phosphorylation only occurs in the cytosol.
	c.	Oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen as a substrate and substrate-level phosphorylation uses phosphate.
	d.	Oxidative phosphorylation takes place during glycolysis and the electron transport chain and substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during the citric acid cycle and chemiosmosis.
	e.	Oxidative phosphorylation produces less ATP than substrate-level phosphorylation.

The reduced nucleotides NADH and FADH are converted to ATP via the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. The most widely accepted values among biochemists are shown.

Nucleotide Output	ATP Output
NADH	2.5
FADH₂	1.5

Each acetyl CoA entering the citric acid cycle produces two CO₂, three NADH, one FADH₂, and one GTP (converted directly to ATP in the cell). Taking into consideration the conversion of reduced nucleotides to ATP, what is the total number of ATP produced by one glucose (2 Acteyl CoA) going through the citric acid cycle?

BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Electron Acceptor, Cytochrome, Chemiosmosis

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