ANAT200 Lecture Notes - Sternocleidomastoid Muscle, Endothelium, Cell Membrane
Document Summary
Exchange of gas between the atmosphere and the blood: uptake of o2 and release of co2, respiratory area of around 70 square meters. Filtration, temperature regulation and humidification of inspired air. Hilus site where blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and airways enter and leave lungs. Pleural cavity space between visceral and parietal pleura. If it has a cartilage, it"s a bronchus; if it doesn"t, it"s a bronchiole. Cartilage found in larger airways, helps keep airways open. Smooth muscle found in smaller airways, controls diameter of airway and constricts to control airflow (or relax to increase airflow) Elastic fibers found in smaller airways and respiratory portion, elastic recoil provides force for expiration. Every exhale, elastic fibers fling back (no muscles used) Contraction caused by parasympathetic stimulation and mediators of allergic reactions (histamine) Reduced ability to expire air from lungs due to breakdown of alveolar walls (which produces abnormally large air space).
