PSYC 389 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Ghrelin, Gastrointestinal Tract, Blood Plasma
4 Jun 2018
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CH4 Physiological Needs
- Biological needs, physiological systems, motivational states, and behaviors act in
concert to achieve stable biological regulation
NEEDS
- A condition that is essential and necessary for growth, well-being, and life
■ Biological, psychological and implicit needs
- Biological and psychological needs are easily distinguished
- Bodily needs VS mental health
- Psychological and implicit needs are (sometimes) difficult to distinguish
- Human nature VS personal experience
■ Needs different in how they direct attention and behavior
- Deficiency needs
- Emergency-like changes in behavior
- Urgency-laden emotions: anxiety, frustration, pain, stress, relief
- Growth needs
- More subtle shifts in behavior
- Position emotion: interest, enjoyment, hope, vitality
Fundamental of regulation
■ Drive theory (Clark Hull)
- Drive: psychological discomfort as a result of biological deficits
- Drive energizes and directs behaviors that are capable of servicing bodily needs
- Psychological need
- Describes a deficient biological condition
- Ranges from mild to life threatening
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- If left unsatisfied → death
- Psychological drive
- Byproduct of physiological need
- Motivates behavior
- Dehydration (physiological need) leads to thirst (psychological
drive) which leads to water consumption (motivated behavior)
■ Homeostasis
- Despite being exposed to fluctuating environments, the body maintains an
internal balance
- Eg temperature, blood sugar
- Largely due to our motivation to take action when our system has been displaced
■ Negative feedback
- System variable (eg temperature)
- Set point (eg ideal temperature)
- Detector (thermostat)
- Correctional Mechanism (electric heater)
■ Multiple inputs/ multiple outputs
- Our drive can be the result of multiple
factors (inputs)
- Thirst can result from sweating, salty
food, drinking too much coffee or alcohol
- Our drive can be reduced by many behaviors (outputs)
- A drink of water, eating fruit, IV
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■ Intraorganismic mechanisms
- Biological regulatory systems that activate, maintain, and terminate the biological
needs underlying our drive
- Brain, endocirne system, bodily organs
■ Extraorganismic mechanisms
- All environmental influences that play a role in activating, maintaining, and
terminating psychological drive
- Include cognitive, environmental, social, and cultural factors
■ The homeostatic mechanism
THIRST
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Biological needs, physiological systems, motivational states, and behaviors act in concert to achieve stable biological regulation. A condition that is essential and necessary for growth, well-being, and life. Biological and psychological needs are easily distinguished. Psychological and implicit needs are (sometimes) difficult to distinguish. Needs different in how they direct attention and behavior. Urgency-laden emotions: anxiety, frustration, pain, stress, relief. Drive: psychological discomfort as a result of biological deficits. Drive energizes and directs behaviors that are capable of servicing bodily needs. Dehydration (physiological need) leads to thirst (psychological drive) which leads to water consumption (motivated behavior) Despite being exposed to fluctuating environments, the body maintains an internal balance. Largely due to our motivation to take action when our system has been displaced. Our drive can be the result of multiple factors (inputs) Thirst can result from sweating, salty food, drinking too much coffee or alcohol. Our drive can be reduced by many behaviors (outputs)
