MBB 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Ribonuclease H, Recombinant Dna, Precursor Mrna

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browncricket987

20 Dec 2018

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Molec Biol & Biochem

Course

MBB 222

Professor

Adam Barlev

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Document Summary

In prokaryotes, multiple protein-coding genes are encoded in a operon, under the control of one set of regulatory elements. Two types of sequence organization are shown for prokaryotic genes. Monocistronic prokaryotic genes encode one protein product in a single rna transcript, whereas polycistronic prokaryotic genes encode multiple protein products in a single rna transcript. In eukaryotes, each gene has its own set of regulatory sequences, which are bound by proteins that regulate expression of that gene. The organization of a typical eukaryotic gene is shown. The structure of a eukaryotic gene contains the upstream regulatory sequences and the promoter sequences, as well as the 5 utr upstream of the coding sequence. In this example, the coding sequence consists of three exons and two introns. The precursor rna transcript contains the intron and exon sequences, as well as the 5 utr and 3 utr.

Related Questions

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

Biochem:

1. Indicate whether the following describes DNA polymerase, RNApolymerase, both, or none:

a. Binds to single stranded DNA

b. Uses an RNA primer

c. Has proof-reading ability

d. Reads from 3' to 5'

e. Phosphodiester bonds are formed using rNTPs

f. Requires a DNA primer

g. Multiple types are present in eukaryotes

h. Mutiple types are present in prokaryotes

i. Is synthesized bi-directionally

j. Requires there to be a terminal sequence on DNA

k. Is part of a larger complex made up of several proteins

2. Post-translational damage causes the loss of the 2' hydoxylgroup on several adenosine nucleotides within the intron sequenceof a primary RNA transcript. What could possible happen to theresulting mature RNA sequence and consequent protein?

3. Where on the below strand of RNA would you most likely findthe following:

a. Start of transcription

b. Start of translation

c. TATA box

d. Enhancers

e. Initiator

f. Activators

g. Repressors

4. How would the following mutation in the template strand ofDNA affect the translated protein? (x=any base, / = exon/intronjunction)

5-XXXXC/CTGAAGAGGAAGXXXXGTTAGXXXXACTCAC/CTCGC-3 to5-CCTGAAGAGGAAXXXXXXXXGTTAGXXXXACTCACCTCGC-3

5. When will there be a 5'-5' linkage in RNA? When is this bondformed? Which base is commonly involved in this process? What wouldhappen if there was an inability in this enzyme to make the 5'-5'likage?

6. Consider the following strand of mRNA. What protein would beproduced if this strand was translated?

5'- CGUAUGCCCUUUACUAGUAUGUGAUACUAGUAAACC-3'

7. What would be the new protein if the following mutations weremade to the strand in 6? Label/classify each type of mutation.

a. 5'-CGUAUGCCCUUUAACUAGUAUGUGAUACUAGUUAACC-3'

b. 5'-CGUAUGCCCUUCACUAGUAUGUGAUACUAGUUAACC-3'

c. 5'- CGUAUGCCCUUUACUAGUAUUGAUACUAGUUAACC-3'

d. 5'- CGUAUGCCCUUGACUAGUAUGUGAUACUAGUAAACC-3'

e. 5'-CGUAUGCCCUUCACUAGUAUGAGUAACUAGUAACC-3'

f. 5'-CGUAUGCCCUAAACUAGUAUGUGAUACUAGUAAACC-3'

8. What are examples of two different types of point mutationsin sequences coding for hemoglobin production?

pearbeaver961

1) Which of the following is FALSE about plasmid vectors ued in recombinant DNA research?
A) Usually carrry an antibiotic resistance gene
B) Clonin sites are always located between genes, that is, outside coding sequences
C) May hae a multiple clonin gsite which can be cut by several restriction enzymes
D) May be expression vectors

2) Which of the following is FLASE about Sanger Dideoxy DNA sequencing protocols?
A) Different specfiic chemical reactions break the DNA at each base.
B) Fluorescent molecules can be used to detect the DNA
C) The Template is single stranded DNA
D) Many steps can be automated

3) A southern blot transfers ___ to a Nitrocellulose membrane.
A) Protein
B) RNA
C) DNA
D) Lipid

4) Which of the following is true about cDNA?
A) It is made from DNA template
B) It is isolated from bacteria
C) Reverse transcriptase is used to synthesize cDNA
D) It has introns

5) The restriction endonucleases used in recombinant DNA work:
A) Always produce blunt ends (No unpaired bases)
B) Recognize sequences 4-6 bp long
C) Cut the DNA outisde the recognition sequence
D) All of the above

S17

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!!

MBB 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Ribonuclease H, Recombinant Dna, Precursor Mrna

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