MBB 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Rna Splicing, Pentose, Deoxyribose

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browncricket987

20 Dec 2018

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Molec Biol & Biochem

Course

MBB 222

Professor

Adam Barlev

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Document Summary

Lecture 19 part 1: dna and rna structure. Know the components of ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides. The basic building block of dna is a nucleotide, which is comprised of: phosphate + sugar + base. The pentose sugar is ribose in rna and deoxyribose in dna; has a 5" and 3" end. Carbons in the ribose or deoxyribose are numbered with primes (") to distinguish them from atoms in the bases. In rna the 2" carbon has a hydroxyl group (2"-oh) whereas in dna the 2" carbon has a hydrogen ( deoxyribonucleic acid ). The hydrogen at the 2" c of dna is less reactive than the. 2"-oh of rna, which is important in rna splicing reactions (as we will see later). The pentose in each nucleotide is attached to the base via its 1" carbon. The phosphate is attached to the 5" carbon of the pentose and is thus called the 5" phosphate (5"-po4).

Related Questions

Respond to each sentance with true or false regarding the replication of DNA:

Complementary base pairing relies on the number of hydrogen bonds that each base can make.

In a single nucleotide, the phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar unit.

The antiparallel arrangement of double-stranded DNA is due to the phosphate group being bonded to the 3' carbon on one strand and the 5' carbon on the complementary strand.

The phosphate attached to the 5' carbon of a given nucleotide links to the 3' -OH of the adjacent nucleotide.

The -OH group on the 3' carbon of the sugar unit is the attachment site for the nitrogenous base.

rubyclam664

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

skyhamster121

1) What is the difference between maltose and amylose (starch)?
Select one:
a. Maltose is joined by 1-4 glycosidic linkages, while amylose is joined by 1-6 glycosidic linkages.
b. Maltose is made of glucose in the alpha form, while amylose is made of glucose in the beta form.
c. Maltose is composed of glucose monomers, while amylose is composed of fructose monomers.
d. Maltose is a disaccharide, while amylose is a polysaccharide.
2) What does the â1-4â in â1-4 glycosidic linkageâ mean?
Select one:
a. Each branch of the chain is followed by four monosaccharides.
b. A one-carbon monosaccharide is connected to a four-carbon monosaccharide.
c. The first carbon on one monosaccharide is connected to the fourth carbon on the next monosaccharide.
d. Each monosaccharide is connected to four other monosaccharides.

What is the difference between the sugar group in DNA and the sugar group in RNA?

Select one:

a. The sugar group in DNA is a hexose, while the sugar group in RNA is a pentose.

b. The sugar group in DNA has one less hydroxyl group (âOH) than the sugar group in RNA.

c. The sugar group in DNA is a purine, while the sugar group in RNA is a pyrimidine.

d. The sugar group in DNA contains one less carbonyl group (double-bonded oxygen atom) than the sugar group in RNA.

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MBB 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Rna Splicing, Pentose, Deoxyribose

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