HSCI 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Proximal Tubule, Distal Convoluted Tubule, Phosphocreatine
17 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Skin: heat, water, bicarbonate ions, salts, urea, uric acid. Organs of gi tract: solid & metabolic wastes. Kidneys: form urine (water & solutes, water, bicarbonate ions, inorganic salts, hydrogen ions, urea, uric acid, creatine. ~1600l of blood flows through a pair of kidneys each day. 99% of water, nearly all sugars, amino acids, vitamins, & other nutrients are reabsorbed. Kidneys: produce urine, conserves water, regulates ph, stimulates production of rbc, transforms vitamin d into active form. Ureter: transport urine from kidneys to bladder. Urethra: transport urine from urinary bladder to outside of body. Mostly of nitrogenous wastes: urea made by the breakdown of amino acids in the liver, main issue is to get rid of amino group ammonia, which is very toxic. Ammonia + co2 = urea & water. 2nh3 + co2 = n2h4co + h2o: uric acid made by the breakdown of nucleotides, creatine made by muscle cells from breakdown of creatine phosphate.
