ARCH 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Dna Replication, Somatic Cell, Quantitative Genetics

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Archaeology
• Course: ARCH 131
• Professor: Dennis Sandgathe

Document Summary

Can be prokaryotes: single celled in which genetic material is not separated from the rest of the cell by the nucleus or eukaryotes: a cell that possesses a well organized nucleus. Eukaryotic cells appear years later, evolved into multicellular life. Plasma membrane: communication between in/out of cell, movement in/out of cell. Cytoplasm: region in plasma membrane that surrounds nucleus, contains organelles. Nucleus: enveloped in nuclear membrane to be separated from the rest of the cell (cytoplasm) and houses/protects genetic material. Mitochondria: produce energy for cell, contains its own dna. Ribosomes: structures composed of primarily rna that is found on er. Endoplasmic reticulum: ribosomes attached to, consisting of folding membrane. Complex organisms have a variety of different somatic cell types somatic cells: majority of human cells that are not gametes. Sex cells (gametes): sperm in males and eggs in females, replication of these creates variability. Human embryo contains cells known as stem cells, which differentiate into somatic cells.