Nursing HDP401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 38: Hypernatremia, Aldosterone, Hypervolemia
29 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Even though there can be disturbance in any of the electrolytes, the most commonly encountered ones are discussed here. It is the most abundant caution of the extra cellular fluid. After trauma and surgery, there is a period of shut down of sodium excretion for up to. During this period, it may not be advisable to administer large quantities of isotonic saline. The concentration of serum sodium is not related to the volume status of extra- cellular fluid. A severe volume deficit may exist with a normal low or high serum level. Daily requirement of sodium is one millimol/kg. The excretion of sodium by the kidneys is under the control of aldosterone. Sodium depletion (hyponatremia): na+ less than 130 milliequivalent/liter. Most frequent cause of sodium and water depletion in surgery is small intestinal obstruction. Duodenal, biliary, pancreatic and high intestinal fistula are also causes of hyponatremia.
