Nursing HDP401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Tetany, Airway Obstruction, Intubation
29 Apr 2016
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Normally, the blood ph lies within the range of 7. 36-7. 44. Alkalosis (accumulation of base or loss of acid) Loss of acid from the stomach by repeated vomiting or aspiration. Hypokalemic alkalosis in patients with pyloric stenosis: potassium loss due to repeated vomiting. Repletion of volume + potassium (check urine output ) Use of 0. 1 n or 0. 2 n hcl is also effective in treatment of resistant metabolic alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis (pco2 below the normal range of 31 42 mmhg) Most common cause is excessive pulmonary ventilation by anesthetized patients in surgical practice. It can also be caused by hyperventilation due to severe pain, hyper pyrexia and high altitude. The dangers of a severe respiratory alkalosis are those related to potassium depletion and include the development of ventricular arrhythmias and fibrillation. Can be corrected by breathing into a plastic bag, or insufflation of carbon dioxide. Acidosis (accumulation of acid or loss of base) Formation of ketone bodies in diabetes or starvation.
