PSY 302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Facial Expression, Attachment Theory, Cognitive Development
Document Summary
Attachment: theories of attachment, assessing attachment, attachment styles. Emotional beings right from birth (izard, 1982, 1993; lewis, 2000) Interest, distress, disgust, contentment: anger, sadness, joy, surprise, fear. Secondary/complex emotions: self-conscious emotions: embarrassment, pride, guilt, and shame. 7 months: smiles more to familiar people. 2nd year: clown around and make others laugh. School-age: acceptance by peers and achieving goals (happiness) 2 months: anger/sadness from distress/pain (more differentiated) Interpretation is complicated: non-distinctive facial expressions, expression/situation mismatch. First clear sign of fear (6/7 months) Main causes: stranger anxiety (6 7 ms. to 2 years, separation anxiety (8 ms. to 13 or 15 ms) Other causes: loud noises, height, novel toys (7 ms. to 12 ms) Self-conscious emotions (2nd year): embarrassment, pride, guilt, and shame. Cognitive development: embarrassment emerges only after child can recognize self: mirror recognition test. Guilt (empathy for others) vs. shame (self-focused) 8-12 ms: social referencing: facial expression, emotional tones of voice.
