PAT 20A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Gastrin, Incretin, Etiology
13 Mar 2019
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Document Summary
Diabetes: complex set of metabolic disorders associated with insulin deficiency and insulin resistance: either has absolute deficiency or relative deficiency associated with some degree of insulin resistance, type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes: chronic autoimmune disease associated with selective destruction of insulin producing pancreatic beta cells: absolute lack of endogenous insulin, beta cells destroyed via either auto immune or idiopathic origin, heterogenous, multigenic trait. Islets of langerhans: regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone- producing) cells. Insulin and glucagon are: feedback loop antagonist pairs, function, promotes uptake by glut, promotes aa uptake by. 4 receptors into skeletal cells muscle and adipose tissue. Glucagon: secreted by alpha cells: promotes glycogenolysis, promotes gluconeogenesis. Amylin: hormone secreted with insulin from beta cells. Inhibits gastric emptying: reduces appetite after a meal. Insulin formed from proinsulin: blunts secretion of glucagon. Somatostatin: abundant in gi and produced by paracrine and endocrine-like delta cells and by enteric nerves.
