ITM 207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Active Voice, Independent Clause, Sentence Clause Structure
9 May 2018
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CMN 124 – Test review:
- Idioms: A word or phrase that has meaning different from its literal meaning
o Example: (Out of the blue)
- Nominalizations or noun conversions: (Verbs or adjectives) that have been converted into
nouns, often with the addition of –sion, -tion, or –ment endings
o Example: (Deciding to decision)
- Active voice: A writing style in which the grammatical subject of a sentence performs the action
o Example: (Sue changed the flat tire)
o Example: (The crew paved the entire stretch of the highway)
- Passive voice: A writing style in which the grammatical subject of a sentence is acted upon
o Example: (The flat tire was changed by Sue)
o Example: (The entire stretch of highway was paved by the crew)
- We–attitude: A writing style that focuses on the shared goals and values of the writer and
reader
- Salutation: A greeting at the beginning of a letter (Ex. Dear Ms. Gill)
- Phrase: A group of words containing either a subject or a verb, which cannot stand on its own as
a complete sentence
o Example: (The sports car drove the long winding road)
- Modifier: a word or group of words that describes or gives information about another word in a
sentence
- Clause: A group of related words containing a subject and a complete verb; a clause can be
either dependent or independent
o Example: (Mary drove to the store)
- Dependent clauses: A clause that cannot function on its own as an independent grammatical
unit
o Example: (If you can work on Sundays)
- Simple sentence: A sentence containing one independent clause
o Example: (I am able to walk to the subway station)
- Compound sentence: A sentence containing two or more independent clauses joined by one or
more coordinating conjunctions
o Example: (I really want to go to work, but I am too sick to drive)
- Complex sentence: A sentence containing one or more dependent clauses and one independent
clause
o Example: (Because my coffee was too cold, I heated it in the microwave)
- Parallelism: The use of the same grammatical forms or matching sentence structures to express
equivalent ideas
o Example: (Like father, like son)
- Sentence fragment: A portion of a sentence that is punctuated like a complete sentence but
does not deliver full meaning
o Example: (Shows no improvement in any of the vital signs)
o Correction: (The patent shows no improvement in any of the vital signs)
- Run-on sentence: Two or more independent clauses erroneously run together without the use
of required punctuation or coordinating conjunctions
o Use a semi-colon between independent clauses
- Comma splice: The error of connecting two independent clauses with only a comma
o Example: (The results of the study were inconclusive, therefore more research needs to
be done on the topic)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Idioms: a word or phrase that has meaning different from its literal meaning: example: (out of the blue) Nominalizations or noun conversions: (verbs or adjectives) that have been converted into nouns, often with the addition of sion, -tion, or ment endings: example: (deciding to decision) Active voice: a writing style in which the grammatical subject of a sentence performs the action: example: (sue changed the flat tire, example: (the crew paved the entire stretch of the highway) Passive voice: a writing style in which the grammatical subject of a sentence is acted upon: example: (the flat tire was changed by sue, example: (the entire stretch of highway was paved by the crew) We attitude: a writing style that focuses on the shared goals and values of the writer and reader. Salutation: a greeting at the beginning of a letter (ex.
