PHAR 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome, Chloral Hydrate, Gaba Receptor
4 May 2016
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Document Summary
State the mechanism of action of and response to barbiturates and benzodiazepines. List the therapeutic uses and the rationale for the clinical use of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. Discuss the dependence liability and withdrawal syndrome associated with barbiturates and =- benzodiazepines. Explain the mechanism of action and clinical use of the newer drugs (e. g. zoplicone) First introduced in clinical medicine as bromides in the mid 19th century. Before this only ethyl alcohol and herbs were available. Bromism: bromides take a while to exit the body and accumulated in those who used it. Characterized by mental and neurological aberrations, skin rash and gi disturbances. Chloral hydrate and paraldehyde were introduced after and were safer. In 1961 chlordiazepoxide was introduced and they have the advantage of rarely causing death in overdose. For those with insomnia or anxiety the goal is to reduce this enhancing the amount of gaba inhibition of the excitatory neurons. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines work this way excitation by.
