BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Cell Nucleus, Ribose, Collagen

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21 Nov 2017

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Chapter 5: structure and function of large biological macromolecule. All living things are made up (predominantly) of four classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids. Macromolecules: are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms. Carbohydrates: serve as fuel and building material. Lipids: are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules. Proteins: include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of function. Nucleic acids: store, transmit and help express hereditary information (mostly store) Composed of c (carbon), h (hydrogen) and o (oxygen) Monosaccharides: when talking about sugar, monosaccharides, are the simplest sugar. Most common are 5 or 6 carbons: pentoses-ribose (c5h10o5) and hexose-glucose (c6h12o6) These sugars are involved in energy metabolism, information processing, and structure (used as building blocks). The monosaccharides link together through dehydration (condensation) reaction and are broke apart through hydrolysis. Polysaccharide: many monosaccharides linked together to form long polymer.

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