ANAT 215 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Cell-Mediated Immunity, Bone Marrow, Chromatin
28 Apr 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
ANAT 215 week 6 lecture 2
Blood
Functions
Transport
O2 from lungs, CO2 from cells, nutrients from GI, cell waste to kidneys, lungs and sweat glands,
hormones from endocrine, distributes enzymes
Regulates
pH via buffering, body temp via heating/cooling of water content
Protects
Clotting mechanism to prevent blood loss
Physical
characteristics
Viscous
Flows 4-5* slower than water
Temp
38 O C
pH
7.35-7.45
Volume
5-6 L in males, 4-5L in females
Formed
elements
Erthrocytes
RBC, non-true cells (no nucleus) gives rise to central depression 8 um D and 2 um thick
rouleaux: aggregated stacks to fit thru capillaries, selectively perm and flexible cell memb to
accommodate small capillaries
hemoglobin: makes it red, carries 4 O2 so each cell carries 1 bill O2 molecules
120 days then plasma memb becomes fragile
new RBC formed via erythropoiesis in red bone marrow, prod 2-3 mill RBC per sec, 25 trillion in an adult
Leukocytes
granular and
polymorphonuclear
WBC, nucleus w/o hemoglobin
Neutrophils: 60-70%, 6-7 hr life span or 4 days in CT
12-15 um, 2-6 lobes in nucleus, condensed chromatin, Barr body in
females represents sex chromatin
lots of granules, pinkish, contain lysosomal enzymes and bactericidal
compounds
function= phagocytic outside of blood, first line defense against bacterial
invasion
Eosinophils: 2-4%, 3-8 hr or 8-12 day lifespan
12-15 um, bilobed nucleus w dense chromatin
200ish spherical granules, red (eosinophilic), contain enzymes that reduce
and control inflammation (histamine)
capable of phagocytosis w preference for antigen-antibody complexes
Basophils: 1%, lifespan is a few hrs to 1-2 yrs in rodents
10-12 um, 2-3 irregular lobes, obscured by dark staining granules (w
histamine) in cytoplasm making it diff to see bilobed nucleus
function= anticoagulant + histamine for vasodilation/blood flow
no cytoplasmic granules and nucleus is round (not lobed)
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Document Summary
O2 from lungs, co2 from cells, nutrients from gi, cell waste to kidneys, lungs and sweat glands, hormones from endocrine, distributes enzymes ph via buffering, body temp via heating/cooling of water content. 120 days then plasma memb becomes fragile new rbc formed via erythropoiesis in red bone marrow, prod 2-3 mill rbc per sec, 25 trillion in an adult. Neutrophils: 60-70%, 6-7 hr life span or 4 days in ct. 12-15 um, 2-6 lobes in nucleus, condensed chromatin, barr body in females represents sex chromatin lots of granules, pinkish, contain lysosomal enzymes and bactericidal compounds function= phagocytic outside of blood, first line defense against bacterial invasion. Eosinophils: 2-4%, 3-8 hr or 8-12 day lifespan. 200ish spherical granules, red (eosinophilic), contain enzymes that reduce and control inflammation (histamine) capable of phagocytosis w preference for antigen-antibody complexes. Basophils: 1%, lifespan is a few hrs to 1-2 yrs in rodents. Lymphocytes: 20-30%, lifespan= few days to many years.
