PHIL 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Social Contract, Act Utilitarianism, Speciesism

• School: UBC Okanagan, UBC OK
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHIL 230
• Professor: Jim Robinson

Document Summary

Gi(cid:448)e his dis(cid:272)ussio(cid:374) of th(cid:396)ee ge(cid:374)e(cid:396)al atte(cid:373)pts to justif(cid:455) the (cid:448)ie(cid:449). What does i(cid:374)ge(cid:396) sa(cid:455) i(cid:374) the se(cid:272)tio(cid:374) e(cid:374)titled (cid:858)a(cid:374) Hi(cid:374)ts: (cid:396)eligious, spe(cid:272)iesist, willia(cid:373)s, cognitive, kant, contractarians, graduated view, bentham and scruton. Abortion and euthanasia, but never against killing animals, -popes. First attempt; religious, we are made in the image of god and animals are not, god gave us dominion over animals and we have immortal souls while animals do not. Second is speciesism; humans judge, animals should expect bias opinions that will act in (cid:862)ou(cid:396)(cid:863) (cid:271)est i(cid:374)te(cid:396)est. Fails (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause it is (cid:374)o diffe(cid:396)e(cid:374)t f(cid:396)o(cid:373) that of (cid:396)a(cid:272)is(cid:373) o(cid:396) se(cid:454)is(cid:373). E(cid:454)a(cid:373)ple of alie(cid:374)s, the(cid:455) (cid:272)a(cid:374) do the sa(cid:373)e. (cid:862)we(cid:863) (cid:272)ould (cid:396)efe(cid:396) to those (cid:271)ei(cid:374)g (cid:272)apa(cid:271)le of sha(cid:396)i(cid:374)g i(cid:374) discussions of right and wrong, does not include all humans. If we favor our own species it is no different from claiming our biological commonality entitles us to superior moral status over those who are not members of our own species.