PSYCH 1X03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Howard Gardner, Problem Solving, Intelligence Quotient
14 Sep 2016
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2 assumptions: intelligence involves the ability to perform cognitive tasks, the capacity to learn from experience and adapt. 2 types of problem solving: deductive reasoning: coming to a concrete decision based on a general idea (idea-conclusion) Generate testable hypotheses: inductive reasoning: generate a general idea given some concrete info (fact-idea) Functional fixedness: our difficulty seeing alternative uses for common objects (and get stuck thinking about a specific function only) Qualities of a test: reliability: measures the extent to which repeated testing produces consistent results. A reliable test produces the same result if one person takes it multiple times: validity: measures the extent to which a test is actually measuring what the researcher claims to be measuring. A valid test measures only the trait it is supposed to be measuring. G: charles spearman, believed in the idea of a single type of intelligence, one generalized intelligence. Multiple intelligences: 8 types of intelligence propsed by howard gardner.
