NURSING 2LA2 Lecture 6: Module - Diabetes
21 Jan 2019
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Diabetes a metabolic disorder, hyperglycemia due to defective insulin secretion, action, or both. Polyuria, polydypsia, blurred vision, fatigue, paresthesias, fatigue, paresthesias, infections infections. Needed for survival (limited endogenous needs exogeneous) Protein metabolism: essential for body structure formation, amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, 15% of calories are obtained from proteins. Pancreas: endocrine, responsible for hormonal control of blood glucose, secretes hormones that regulate carb. metabolism, made up of islets of langerhans, which secrete . Blood glucose enters beta cell via glucose transporters. Bg gets metabolized to atp from glucokinase. Atp depolarizes the cell, calcium channels open, insulin is secreted. Promotes glucose uptake by target cells and increases glycogen synthesis. Inhibits gluconeogenesis and increases protein synthesis: amylin from beta. Delays nutrient uptake through inhibition of gastric emptying and suppression of glucagon secretion after meals. Has satiety and antihyperglycemic effects: glucagon from alpha initiates glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis, somatostatin from delta.
