NURSING 3ZA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Blood Transfusion, Sickle-Cell Disease
16 Jul 2018
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Document Summary
Anemia: condition marked by a deficiency of rbc or of hemoglobin in the blood. By decreased or faulty rbc production i. e. sickle cell anemia, iron-deficiency etc. By destruction of rbcs i. e. hemolytic disease of the newborn. Blood group: determined by the antigen present on the rbc and/or the presence/absence of antibodies. Transfusion reaction: adverse response to a blood transfusion. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (trali): new acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome occurring during or within 6 hours after blood product administration. Acute onset of fever, chills, dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension, hypoxemia and noncardiogenic bilateral pulmonary edema leading to respiratory failure. Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction: may occur when either incompatible rbcs or large amounts of incompatible plasma are transfused; occurs within 15 minuts of transfustion initiation. Leads to complement fixation on red blood cells resulting in intravascular hemolysis.
