BIOLOGY 2EE3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Cell Wall, Brucellaceae, Alphaproteobacteria
16 Oct 2015
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Document Summary
Some bacteria have been found beyond the range: thomargarita namibiensis: 700um in diameter, spherical, epulipiscium fishelsoni: 600um, cigar- shaped, some mycoplasma cells are up to. Mg2+, k+ or na+ are used to shield the negative charge of the sugar-phosphate backbone from the dna. = more compaction: small positively charged proteins stay attached to dna to maintain the compaction, dna is adjusted by topoisomerases: enzymes that enable the dna to supercoil. Can be used a s a substitute for plastics: polyhydroxybutyrate granules: carbon storage, sufur globules: sulphur storage, gas vesicles: buoyancy control, carboxysomes: location of carbon fixation reactions, magnetosome: organelle associated with direction finding. Contains internal proteins to ensure everything is moving in/to the right location. Ftsz proteins forms the z ring needed for bacterial cell division: polymerize into bundles of filaments that group together = z ring in the inner face of plasma membrane, z ring contracts.
