INDG 401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Agricultural Biodiversity, Forest Gardening, Traditional Food
9 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lecture 16: Timothy Johns
Sustainable nutrition and food security: Agro-biodiversity n the transformation of local and
global food systems
• Three dimensions of sustainable development
o Economic
o Social
o Environmental
• Sustainable diets
o Those diets with low environmental impacts which contribute to food and
nutrition security and to a healthy life for present and future generations
o They are protective and respectful of biodiversity and ecosystems, culturally
acceptable, accessible, economically fair and affordable; nutritionally adequate,
safe and healthy; while optimising natural and human resources
• Converging concepts
o Bio-diverse
o Traditional
o Local
• Global malnutrition
o The challenge of the future
o Dietary quality concerns
▪ Increasing obesity
▪ Non-communicable disease increasing (diabetes, CVD etc.)
▪ Dietary diversity lacking
o Urban majority depend on purchased food
• Increasing agricultural productivity
o Technology adoption
o Land consolidation
o Capital investment
• Key questions
o Does biodiversity ensure improved food and nutrition security?
o Can agriculture be productive and at the same time bio-diverse?
o How to increase productivity of smallholder bio-diverse agriculture?
• Main points
o Food production, consumption, and nutrition of human populations has
congruent biological, environmental, socio-cultural and economic components
• Traditional food systems
o Accessed within traditional knowledge from their natural environment through
farming or wild harvesting
o Features
▪ Adaptive
▪ Ecosystem focus
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
▪ Economy
• Subsistence
• Risk adverse
▪ Socially and culturally rooted
• Nutritional balance perspectives
o Physiological
▪ Essential nutrients
• Energy
• Protein
• Fatty acids
• Vitamins
• Minerals
▪ Functional constituents
▪ Health outcomes
▪ Dietary diversity
o Ecological
▪ Complimentary nutritional landscapes
• Forests
• Fields
• Home gardens
▪ Biological diversity
o Temporal
▪ Seasonal food insecurity
▪ Famine foods
o Demographic
o Socio-economic
▪ Reciprocal relationships
▪ Exchange
▪ Market oriented food systems
o Cultural
o Spiritual
• Nutritional ecology
o Four food systems
▪ Traditional
• Forest dwellers
o Plant and animal biodiversity
o Carbohydrates limiting
o Seasonal food insecurity
• Agriculturalists
o High carbohydrates, monotonous diets
o Seasonal food insecurity
o Nutrient deficiencies
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
